{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T11:18:11Z","timestamp":1778325491021,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,7]],"date-time":"2019-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1573084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,7]],"date-time":"2019-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1573084800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Breast Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Poland syndrome is a congenital deformity presenting unilateral hypoplasia of the breast, pectoralis muscle, and ipsilateral skeletal anomalies. In complex female cases, the significant amount of soft tissue needed for reconstruction continues to be a surgical challenge. Perforator flaps offer alternative methods with sufficient tissue volume, minimal donor site morbidity, and natural cosmetic outcome; however, their role in Poland syndrome breast reconstruction is seldom discussed. This study aims to present a new 2-stage strategy for esthetic restoration of the Poland syndrome chest anomaly that achieves breast symmetry while maintaining a scarless appearance. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Case Presentation:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; A 38-year-old female presented with Poland syndrome on the right side, and amastia, athelia, and absence of pectoralis major muscle were observed. We present an innovative 2-stage approach consisting of tissue expansion and, successively, a deep inferior epigastric perforator flap transfer. A pleasing breast appearance had been achieved at 6 months of follow-up. A literature review regarding the use of free perforator flaps in Poland syndrome was conducted to demonstrate the applicability of this method. Seven articles described a total of 15 cases using free perforator flaps met the inclusion criteria and were summarized. A satisfactory correction was reported in all the cases. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Perforator flaps provide reliable alternatives for Poland syndrome breast and chest-wall reconstruction. Proper patient selection and thorough assessment are vital to the success of the surgery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000503848","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,7]],"date-time":"2019-11-07T22:01:55Z","timestamp":1573164115000},"page":"421-427","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Breast Reconstruction with Perforator Flaps in Poland Syndrome: Report of a Two-Stage Strategy and Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Boyang","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chunjun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-005-0140-y"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2015.05.015"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2006.12.008"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181e60435"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198701000-00010"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-009-9428-7"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2007.11.033"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-010-9513-y"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199901000-00015"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sap.0000171424.77066.22"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0b013e31829a39b1"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sap.0000244006.80190.67"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199702000-00017"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181f46ec6"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-198105000-00010"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e318262f025"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200003000-00017"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0007-1226(97)90540-3"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-1226(89)90075-1"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sap.0000095437.43805.d1"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1348065"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.20637"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320230405"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00496922"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-0358.155277"}],"container-title":["Breast Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/503848","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/503848","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T16:04:29Z","timestamp":1745424269000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000503848"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,7]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000503848","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1661-3791","1661-3805"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1661-3791","type":"print"},{"value":"1661-3805","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,7]]}}}