{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T08:09:20Z","timestamp":1778314160142,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,28]],"date-time":"2019-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574899200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,28]],"date-time":"2019-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574899200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Skin Pharmacol Physiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Background:<\/i><\/b> Vitiligo is an acquired, multifactorial disorder of the skin and mucous membranes. An elevated homocysteine level has been described in vitiligo. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and cystathionine B synthase (CBS) are major determinants of the homocysteine metabolism. <b><i>Objectives:<\/i><\/b> Determine serum homocysteine levels in vitiligo patients as well as the association between <i>MTHFR<\/i> (C677T, A1298C) and <i>CBS<\/i>gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to vitiligo in a sample of those populations. <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b> Homocysteine levels were estimated by radioimmunoassay while <i>MTHFR<\/i> (C677T, A1298C) and <i>CBS<\/i>gene polymorphisms were detected by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique in 100 vitiligo patients and 80 healthy controls. <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> The homocysteine level was significantly higher in vitiligo patients than controls (<i>p<\/i> = 0.000). Significant differences in the genotype and allele distributions of single nucleotide polymorphisms of the <i>MTHFR<\/i> (C677T, A1298C) with the mutant genotypes are more common in the controls than patients (<i>p<\/i> = 0.001, 0.029, respectively). <i>CBS<\/i> gene mutant genotypes and alleles are more common in vitiligo patients than controls (<i>p<\/i> = 0.002). <b><i>Conclusion:<\/i><\/b> <i>CBS<\/i>and<i> MTHFR<\/i>gene polymorphisms may play a major role in the genetic susceptibility to vitiligo.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000504235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,28]],"date-time":"2019-11-28T22:00:33Z","timestamp":1574978433000},"page":"38-43","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Estimation of Homocysteine Level and Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (<b><i>MTHFR<\/i><\/b>) Gene and Cystathionine B Synthase (<b><i>CBS<\/i><\/b>) Gene Polymorphisms in Vitiligo Patients"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Samar","family":"El\u00a0Tahlawi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dalia\u00a0M.","family":"Abdel\u00a0Halim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heba","family":"El\u00a0Hadidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marwa\u00a0M.","family":"Fawzy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rehab\u00a0A.","family":"Hegazy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marwa","family":"Ezzat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sherin\u00a0M.","family":"Elgohary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olfat","family":"Shaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khadiga\u00a0S.","family":"Sayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0749.2003.00032.x"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00015550410021565"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.20442"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2008.08712.x"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10528-009-9312-9"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)93019-2"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(99)00297-X"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001090100253"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2004.08.008"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2011.04142.x"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.08.025"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0369-8114(03)00104-4"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2015.2682"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/540597"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12845"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/69.5.968"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000000563"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/1747-0862.1000007"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.32496"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2008.07.007"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2007.09.012"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.1380060211"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1004(1999)13:5<362::AID-HUMU4>3.0.CO;2-K"}],"container-title":["Skin 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