{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T11:03:14Z","timestamp":1782644594966,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,26]],"date-time":"2020-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590451200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,26]],"date-time":"2020-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590451200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuropsychobiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Introduction:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Obesity and associated risk factors have been linked to cognitive decline before. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Objectives:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; In the present study, we evaluated potential cumulative negative effects of overweight and obesity on cognitive performance in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder (BD) in a longitudinal design. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Neurocognitive measures (California Verbal Learning Test, Trail Making Test [TMT] A\/B, Digit-Symbol-Test, Digit-Span, d2 Test), anthropometrics (e.g., body mass index [BMI]), and clinical ratings (Hamilton Depression Scale, Young Mania Rating Scale) were collected over a 12-month observation period. Follow-up data of 38 patients with BD (mean age 40 years; 15 males, 23 females) were available. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; High baseline BMI predicted a decrease in the patient\u2019s performance in the Digit-Span backwards task measuring working memory performance. In contrast, cognitive performance was not predicted by increases in BMI at follow-up. Normal weight bipolar patients (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;\/i&gt; = 19) improved their performance on the TMT B, measuring cognitive flexibility and executive functioning, within 1 year, while overweight bipolar patients (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;\/i&gt; = 19) showed no change in this task. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; The results suggest that overweight can predict cognitive performance changes over 12 months. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000505784","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,26]],"date-time":"2020-05-26T21:00:33Z","timestamp":1590526833000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Body Mass Index Predicts Decline in Executive Function in Bipolar Disorder: Preliminary Data of a 12-Month Follow-up 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