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The NLRP3 inflammasome-interleukin (IL)-1\u03b2 pathway has been extensively studied in adults and pre-clinical models, improving our understanding of innate immunity and offering an attractive therapeutic target that is already contributing to clinical management in many auto-inflammatory disorders. IL-1 blockade has transformed the course and outcome of conditions such as chronic infantile neurological, cutaneous, articular (CINCA\/NOMID) syndrome. 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