{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T03:22:15Z","timestamp":1790392935535,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Arch Allergy Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Introduction:<\/i><\/b> One of the most frequent abnormalities of B cells in common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is reduced number of class-switched memory B cells, suggesting an impaired germinal center response. Therefore, due to its pivotal role in regulating the development of humoral immunity, the objective of this study was to evaluate the role of circulating T follicular helper (cT<sub>FH<\/sub>) and circulating T follicular regulatory (cT<sub>FR<\/sub>) cells in the pathogenesis of CVID. <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b> cT<sub>FH<\/sub> and cT<sub>FR<\/sub> cells from CVID patients and healthy subjects were phenotypically characterized by flow cytometry. cT<sub>FH<\/sub> and memory B cells from CVID patients and healthy subjects were isolated and cocultured. <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> Our results showed a reduced proportion of cT<sub>FH<\/sub>17 cells in patients with CVID and an increased ratio of cT<sub>FH<\/sub>\/cT<sub>FR<\/sub> cells in CVID patients with autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, the proportion of IL-21-producing cT<sub>FH<\/sub> cells was directly related to the proportion of CD27<sup>+<\/sup> IgD<sup>\u2212<\/sup> B cells. Interestingly, coculture assay showed that CVID-derived cT<sub>FH<\/sub> cells are able to help memory B cells from healthy controls to produce immunoglobulins. <b><i>Conclusions:<\/i><\/b> The proportions of cT<sub>FH<\/sub>17 and cT<sub>FR<\/sub> cells are altered in CVID patients; however, the cT<sub>FH<\/sub> function in assisting B cells to produce antibodies in vitro is preserved. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000507995","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,3]],"date-time":"2020-06-03T21:00:31Z","timestamp":1591218031000},"page":"635-647","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Phenotypic and Functional Analysis of T Follicular Cells in Common Variable Immunodeficiency"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"181","author":[{"given":"Taissa de Matos","family":"Kasahara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cleonice Alves de Melo","family":"Bento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudhir","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-017-0464-9"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-06-091744"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.v99.5.1544"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/a:1025373601374"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12150"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1000434"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2018.08.008"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(90)90145-g"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2010.00937.x"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.11.1545"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.193.12.1373"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1176676"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1101328"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2010.12.012"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2426"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aan1487"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.05.036"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.25032"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.09.007"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-016-0268-3"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.08.031"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3005191"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0075319"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2012.04.133"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00174"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2018.09.006"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2017.04.041"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/4951587"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/clim.1999.4799"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2015.07.025"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-017-0456-9"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.10178"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-018-1690-0"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-03-563445"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20170901"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2018.06.012"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2016.03.013"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0022848"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-02-207423"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0903207"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20111229"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2172-12-53"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13803"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-017-0452-0"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2015.09.004"}],"container-title":["International 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