{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]],"date-time":"2026-05-17T14:47:52Z","timestamp":1779029272138,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":128,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respiration"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) has dramatically changed the treatment of both acute and chronic respiratory failure in the last 2 decades. The success of NIV is correlated to the application of the \u201cbest ingredients\u201d of a patient\u2019s \u201ctailored recipe,\u201d including the appropriate choice of the selected candidate, the ventilator setting, the interface, the expertise of the team, and the education of the caregiver. The choice of the interface is crucial for the success of NIV. Type (oral, nasal, nasal pillows, oronasal, hybrid mask, helmet), size, design, material and headgears may affect the patient\u2019s comfort with respect to many aspects, such as air leaks, claustrophobia, skin erythema, eye irritation, skin breakdown, and facial deformity in children. Companies are paying great attention to mask development, in terms of shape, materials, comfort, and leak reduction. Although the continuous development of new products has increased the availability of interfaces and the chance to meet different requirements, in patients necessitating several daily hours of NIV, both in acute and in chronic home setting, the rotational use of different interfaces may remain an excellent strategy to decrease the risk of skin breakdown and to improve patient\u2019s tolerance. The aim of the present review was to give the readers a background on mask technology and materials in order to enhance their \u201cknowledge\u201d in making the right choice for the interface to apply during NIV in the different clinical scenarios. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000509762","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]],"date-time":"2020-11-18T22:01:30Z","timestamp":1605736890000},"page":"800-817","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Material and Technology: Back to the Future for the Choice of Interface for Non-Invasive Ventilation \u2013 A Concise Review"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Raffaele","family":"Scala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Accurso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9851-6301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariachiara","family":"Ippolito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Cortegiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pasquale","family":"Iozzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Vitale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Guidelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cesare","family":"Gregoretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2015.03.002"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-017-0409-0"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0029-2018"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02426-2016"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201605-1081CP"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)90696-e"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.151.6.7767523"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199509283331301"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(00)02323-0"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.2.235"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.160.5.9903015"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200102153440703"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199808133390703"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-128-9-199805010-00004"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.160.1.9802120"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.02.02162001"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01003-2019"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.03.00029803"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000488001"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000499316"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000492373"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00198-2018"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.2.9906116"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.01.17202590"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.4.2006027"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01700674"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-002-1208-7"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200006000-00015"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-016-0310-5"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.99.13115299"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.106.4.1109"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-006-0301-8"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340050927"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-003-1659-5"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/20.7.561"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.107.6.1552"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpa.2012.07.001"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/0003495-200868170-00003"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-001-1146-9"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2007.05.005"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pulmoe.2019.11.004"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-012-2516-1"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-005-2669-2"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00123509"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.98.12010185"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.04036"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.05691"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00168-2017"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874306401509010104"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.06087"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/MDER.S121712"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2007.11.005"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15537\/smj.2018.5.22058"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.23416"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/20734735.042312"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.6892"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.91.6.859"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.103.1.174"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.02.00218502"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1479972316674411"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.06.00004906"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31819b575f"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.03009"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.04217"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.03031"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.102.3.912"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000196361"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.96.09061240"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340050880"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00.15109800"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.105.2.441"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.1995.tb03623.x"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.112.1.117"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199704000-00011"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340050763"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/0269216304pm933oa"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.113.5.1339"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199712113372407"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181928706"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prrv.2019.03.004"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prrv.2016.09.004"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2013.06.020"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.5668"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.03309"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-018-0620-x"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31826ab4af"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-008-1327-x"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000324441"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.10-1905"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s1806-37132009000200010"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0000000000000318"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.6128"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200203000-00019"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200401000-00007"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e3181a1f708"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-003-1825-9"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-006-0391-3"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01363.2004"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31819fff93"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-012-2686-x"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-010-1915-4"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.128.4.2984"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.06502"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000001354"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-017-1761-7"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2007.01474.x"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pulmoe.2020.02.001"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-54020-5"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-012-2765-z"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.06871"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201806-1124LE"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2018.02.017"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.121.4.1149"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc8993"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-010-2066-3"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S121637"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.06269"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.07185"},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.151.4.7697242"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.03.00039503"},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-012-2696-8"},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-008-1120-x"},{"key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-008-1109-5"},{"key":"ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-011-2207-3"},{"key":"ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-006-0446-5"},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-003-1931-8"},{"key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ccm.0000142577.63316.c0"}],"container-title":["Respiration"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/509762","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/509762","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:49:59Z","timestamp":1745423399000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000509762"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":128,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000509762","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"is-supplemented-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.13251527","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["0025-7931","1423-0356"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0025-7931","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0356","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}}}