{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T15:34:30Z","timestamp":1782833670470,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Background:<\/i><\/b> There is a need for refined risk stratification of sudden cardiac death and prediction of ventricular arrhythmias to correctly identify patients who are expected to benefit the most from implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy. <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b> We conducted a registry-based retrospective observational study on patients with either ischemic (ICMP) or nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NICMP) treated with ICD between 2002 and 2013 at a tertiary referral center. We evaluated 3 vectorcardiography (VCG) indices; spatial QRS-T angle, QRS vector magnitude (QRSvm), and T-wave vector magnitude (Twvm), and their association with all-cause mortality and ventricular arrhythmias. The VCG indices were automatically computed from resting 12-lead electrocardiograms before ICD implantation. <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> 178 patients were included in the study; 53.4% had ICMP, 79.2% were male, and mean ejection fraction was 27.4%. During the follow-up (median 89 months), 40 patients (23%) died; 31% had appropriate ICD therapy. In multivariate analysis with dichotomized variables, QRS-T angle &#x3e;152\u00b0 and Twvm &#x3c;0.38 mV were significantly associated with increased mortality: HR 2.64 (95% CI 1.14\u20136.12, <i>p<\/i> = 0.02) and HR 5.30 (95% CI 2.31\u201312.11, <i>p<\/i> &#x3c; 0.001), respectively. QRSvm &#x3c;1.54 mV was borderline significant with mortality outcome (<i>p<\/i> = 0.10). The composite score of all 3 VCG indices, a score of 3, conferred an increased risk of mortality (including heart failure mortality) in multivariate analysis: HR 13.80 (95% CI 3.44\u201355.39, <i>p<\/i> &#x3c; 0.001). <b><i>Conclusion:<\/i><\/b> The spatial QRS-T angle and Twvm are emerging VCG indices which are independently associated with mortality in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction due to ICMP or NICMP. Using a composite score of all 3 vector indices, a maximum score was associated with poor long-term survival. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000509766","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]],"date-time":"2020-09-21T21:00:30Z","timestamp":1600722030000},"page":"784-794","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Vectorcardiography Findings Are Associated with Recurrent Ventricular Arrhythmias and Mortality in Patients with Heart Failure Treated with Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Device"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"145","author":[{"given":"Uzma","family":"Chaudhry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Cortez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pyotr\u00a0G.","family":"Platonov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9135-9814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonas","family":"Carlson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rasmus","family":"Borgquist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2017.10.035"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2008.06.003"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.02.032"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eut206"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s19143072"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.14"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2013.04.037"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-925X-11-16"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-668X(03)00203-3"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/anec.12206"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2004.10.040"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.109.859108"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2016.08.007"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelectrocard.2014.11.009"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2019.03.018"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.4960230811"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.14210"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(01)01738-7"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.12.013"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a059647"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-017-1618-5"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/anec.12440"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2342-10-1"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa013474"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.163.19.2301"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.113.000411"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelectrocard.2003.09.033"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2016-000561"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eus360"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2017.0630"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelectrocard.2013.06.018"}],"container-title":["Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/509766","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/509766","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:50:01Z","timestamp":1745423401000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000509766"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000509766","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0008-6312","1421-9751"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0008-6312","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9751","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}}}