{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T17:32:55Z","timestamp":1780680775805,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]],"date-time":"2020-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603670400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]],"date-time":"2020-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603670400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Introduction:<\/i><\/b> Toe web infection (TWI) is a bacterial infection of the interdigital space. In most cases, the infection is caused by gram-negative bacteria, secondary to a chronic fungal infection (dermatophytosis). The typical presentation includes macerations and erosions in the interdigital space. Predisposing factors include interdigital tinea, hyperhidrosis, and humidity. <b><i>Objective:<\/i><\/b> The aim of this study was to characterize the TWI patient population and identify associated risk factors. <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b> We conducted a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with TWI from 2006 to 2020 at Sheba Medical Center, Israel. Collected data included patients\u2019 demographics (age, sex, weight, and occupation), smoking pack-years, comorbidities, medications, and course of disease. <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> A total of 200 patients were diagnosed with TWI. The median age at diagnosis was 51 years. The majority of the patients were men (72.5%). The most common comorbidities were dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, and ischemic heart disease. We found that 71.2% of patients were smokers, and 46.4% of patients had occupations that required closed-toe shoes. TWI incidence did not increase seasonally. Bilateral TWI was found in 50% of the patients, 33% had recurrent infections, and 20% had secondary cellulitis. <b><i>Conclusions:<\/i><\/b> Smoking and diabetes were more prevalent among TWI patients than in the general population, and there was a correlation between smoking and TWI recurrences. We identified risk factors for TWI to identify at-risk populations. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000510540","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]],"date-time":"2020-10-26T14:39:49Z","timestamp":1603723189000},"page":"902-906","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Toe Web Infection: Epidemiology and Risk Factors in a Large Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"237","author":[{"given":"Michal","family":"Solomon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8270-8122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hila","family":"Greenbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avner","family":"Shemer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aviv","family":"Barzilai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Baum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1973.01620160043012"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2001.114747"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.14644"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(09)80301-0"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/701489"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ddg.12374"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0738-081X(83)90037-8"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.94253"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2005.02281.x"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1985.tb02313.x"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0906-6705.2004.00274.x"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-0960.1998.tb01477.x"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-3083.2000.00124.x"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.293.2.217"}],"container-title":["Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/510540","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/510540","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:57:16Z","timestamp":1745423836000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000510540"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000510540","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"is-supplemented-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.13141334","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["1018-8665","1421-9832"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1018-8665","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9832","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]]}}}