{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T07:37:21Z","timestamp":1792481841793,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Neurosurg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Introduction:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Hydrocephalus is not usually part of Down syndrome (DS). Fourth ventricle outlet obstruction is a rare cause of obstructive hydrocephalus, difficult to diagnose, because tetraventricular dilatation may suggest a communicant\/nonobstructive hydrocephalus. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Case Presentation:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; We describe the case of a 6-year-old boy with obstructive tetraventricular hydrocephalus, caused by Luschka and Magen\u00addie foramina obstruction and diverticular enlargement of Luschka foramina (the so-called fourth ventricle outlet obstruction) associated with DS. He was treated with endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) without complications, and a follow-up MRI revealed reduction of the ventricles, disappearance of the diverticula, and patency of the ventriculostomy. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Diverticular enlargement of Luschka foramina is an important radiological finding for obstructive tetraventricular hydrocephalus. ETV is a viable option in tetraventricular obstructive hydrocephalus in DS. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000511088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,28]],"date-time":"2020-12-28T22:00:46Z","timestamp":1609192846000},"page":"359-362","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Fourth Ventricle Outlet Obstruction and Diverticular Enlargement of Luschka Foramina in a Child with Down Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Valentina","family":"Orlando","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7758-8605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pietro","family":"Spennato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"De Liso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Trischitta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Imperato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Cinalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18203\/2349-3933.ijam20183910"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(19961016)65:2%3c160::AID-AJMG16%3e3.0.CO;2-O"},{"key":"ref3"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0387-7604(95)00099-2"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000119616"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000363179"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.02.054"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-002-0639-3"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2003.98.4.0897"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.10.PEDS09179"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1053362"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2012.02.017"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000333262.38548.E1"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2006.105.6.924"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000028693"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000283"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/511088","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/511088","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T16:03:18Z","timestamp":1745424198000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000511088"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000511088","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1016-2291","1423-0305"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1016-2291","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0305","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}}}