{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T09:32:53Z","timestamp":1761989573614,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Obes Facts"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Introduction:<\/i><\/b> Patients who are overweight or obese have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Weight loss can have a positive effect on glycemic control. <b><i>Objective:<\/i><\/b> We aimed to investigate glycemic control in patients with T2DM and overweight or obesity during a structured weight-loss program. <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b> This was a prospective, interventional study. We recruited 36 patients (14 men and 22 women) with a median age of 58.5 years and median body mass index (BMI) of 34.1, to a 15-week structured weight-loss program with a low-calorie (800 kcal) formula diet for 6 weeks. The primary end point, HbA<sub>1c<\/sub> level, and secondary end points, anthropometric data, medication, and safety, were assessed weekly. Laboratory values and quality of life were assessed at baseline and after 15 weeks. <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> HbA<sub>1c<\/sub> decreased from 7.3% at baseline to 6.5% at 15 weeks (<i>p<\/i> &#x3c; 0.001), median body weight by 11.9 kg (<i>p<\/i> &#x3c; 0.001), median BMI by 4.3 (<i>p<\/i> &#x3c; 0.001) and median waist circumference by 11.0 cm (<i>p<\/i> &#x3c; 0.001). Two participants discontinued insulin therapy, 4 could reduce their dosage of oral antidiabetic agents, and 6 completely discontinued their antidiabetic medication. Insulin dose decreased from 0.63 (0.38\u20130.89) to 0.39 (0.15\u20130.70) units\/kg body weight (<i>p<\/i> &#x3c; 0.001). No patient experienced hypoglycemic episodes or hospital emergency visits. Triglycerides and total cholesterol decreased as well as surrogate markers of liver function. However, the levels of high-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C and LDL-C) as well as uric acid remain unchanged. Regarding quality of life, the median physical health score increased from 44.5 (39.7\u201351.4) at baseline to 48.0 (43.1\u201355.3; <i>p<\/i> = 0.007), and the median mental health score decreased from 42.1 (36.1\u201346.7) to 37.4 (30.3\u201343.7; <i>p<\/i> = 0.004). <b><i>Conclusions:<\/i><\/b> A structured weight-loss program is effective in the short term in reducing HbA<sub>1c<\/sub>, weight, and antidiabetic medication in patients with T2DM who are overweight or obese. Levels of HDL-C and LDL-C were not affected by short-term weight loss. The decline in mental health and the long-term effects of improved glycemic control require further trials. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000511453","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,23]],"date-time":"2021-03-23T17:43:53Z","timestamp":1616521433000},"page":"45-55","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Efficiency of a 15-Week Weight-Loss Program, Including a Low-Calorie Formula Diet, on Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Overweight or Obesity"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Lena\u00a0J.","family":"Storck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter\u00a0J.","family":"Meffert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janine","family":"Rausch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"G\u00e4rtner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali\u00a0A.","family":"Aghdassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jens-Peter","family":"K\u00fchn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Kraft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maik","family":"Pietzner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markus\u00a0M.","family":"Lerch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antje","family":"Steveling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67483-1"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05482"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2016.147"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-9-88"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)07019-6"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.02252"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0706245"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2011.107"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k3760"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12816"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.6.1526"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2004.07.005"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)33102-1"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8227(97)00038-7"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2011.390"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-011-2204-7"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2014.03.014"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.21172"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2016.175"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0219489"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0153595"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00280883"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.pubmed.a024606"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(98)00109-7"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(19)30068-3"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1559608"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nutd.2014.1"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0802853"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05488"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-0856"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20251"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2012.03.005"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15403\/jgld.2014.1121.252.lsf"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-008-0011-4"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12071"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-3476"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0127520"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0803556"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-3182(09)70840-0"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/ahs.v15i2.25"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199503093321001"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(18)30051-2"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.22797"}],"container-title":["Obesity 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