{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T15:37:34Z","timestamp":1778773054228,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,4]],"date-time":"2020-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,4]],"date-time":"2020-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607040000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; As the pathogenesis of keloids is poorly understood, there is no sound biological basis of keloid management. Few controlled therapeutic studies have been published, and recurrences are a major reason for treatment failure. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Objective:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; To detect efficacy and safety of cryosurgery regimens on keloids and the occurring biological changes caused by the treatment. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; This prospective randomized study compared efficacy and tolerability as well as histological\/immunohistochemical effects of liquid nitrogen contact cryosurgery as a single regimen (group A) and combined with intralesional corticosteroids (group B) on young (&amp;#x3c;2 years old), small (\u226410 cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;\/sup&gt;) keloids in 40 patients (2-sided effect, \u03b1-error 1%, power 95%). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Marked flattening of the lesions was achieved by both regimens. Median lesional volumes decreased from 106 to 7 mm&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;\/sup&gt; in group A (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; = 0.001) and from 138 to 6 mm&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;\/sup&gt; in group B (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; &amp;#x3c; 0.0001; ns, between groups). Good to excellent responses were registered in 83.3 and 90% of patients in groups A and B, respectively, by evaluating the lesional volume, in 80 and 95% of patients by the physician\u2019s evaluation and in 95% of patients in either group by the patient\u2019s assessment. Follow-up of 6\u201336 months revealed no further significant changes. Cryosurgery was generally well tolerated, with minor pain during treatment not requiring (27.5%) or requiring local anaesthesia (5%) \u2013 but not analgesics \u2013, and hypopigmentation (25%). Histological examination showed increased vessel number and lumen dilatation after treatment in group B and reduction of rete ridge length in both groups with more prominent changes in group A. Tenascin C staining demarcated keloids from normal skin before therapy, while after therapy the entire treated tissue was labelled. Interferon-\u03b3 expression was significantly decreased after therapy both regarding positively stained cells and intensity in both groups. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Cryosurgery without and with intralesional corticosteroids is effective and safe on young, small keloids not only as a destructive physical procedure, but also by inducing biochemical and immunological scar rejuvenation. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000511624","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,4]],"date-time":"2020-12-04T22:07:49Z","timestamp":1607119669000},"page":"396-406","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Cryosurgery as a Single Agent and in Combination with Intralesional Corticosteroids Is Effective on Young, Small Keloids and Induces Characteristic Histological and Immunohistological Changes: A Prospective Randomized 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