{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T11:07:25Z","timestamp":1789816045759,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,23]],"date-time":"2020-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608681600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,23]],"date-time":"2020-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608681600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Case Rep Oncol"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Lung hepatoid adenocarcinoma (HAC) is a rare primary lung carcinoma pathologically characterized by hepatocellular carcinoma-like tumor cells, the majority of which produce alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). The clinical prognosis of lung HAC is generally poor, and effective therapeutic regimens for inoperable or recurrent cases have not been established. Here, we report a case of AFP-producing lung HAC with brain metastasis with long-term disease control, treated with the 5-fluorouracil-derived regimen S-1. The patient was a 66-year-old male admitted to the hospital with alexia. Chest X-ray revealed a massive tumor in the left upper lobe, and a head CT scan revealed a metastasis in the left parietal lobe. The laboratory data showed a remarkably elevated AFP level (97,561 ng\/mL). Pathological assessment of the resected brain tumor revealed HAC, which was compatible with the lung biopsies. Together with the absence of other metastatic lesions, a final diagnosis of primary lung HAC, stage IV T4N3M1b, was given. The patient first underwent non-small cell lung cancer chemotherapy regimens (carboplatin and paclitaxel as the first line, and pemetrexed as the second line), but had clinical progression. After third-line oral S-1 (tegafur\/gimeracil\/oteracil) administration, the serum AFP level significantly dropped and the patient achieved long-term disease control without relapse, surviving more than 19 months after disease presentation. The autopsy result was consistent with the diagnosis of primary lung HAC, and immunohistochemical staining was AFP+, glypican 3+, and spalt-like transcription factor 4+. Here, we report the case of a rare primary lung HAC with apparent disease control on S-1 therapy, together with a literature review. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000511763","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,23]],"date-time":"2020-12-23T22:00:51Z","timestamp":1608760851000},"page":"1552-1559","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Alpha-Fetoprotein-Producing Lung Hepatoid Adenocarcinoma with Brain Metastasis Treated with S-1"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yuki","family":"Muroyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Tamiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Goh","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wakae","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander C.","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derek A.","family":"Oldridge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keisuke","family":"Matsusaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yutaka","family":"Takazawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taisuke","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuo","family":"Ushiku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahide","family":"Nagase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19900501)65:9%3c2033::aid-cncr2820650925%3e3.0.co;2-k"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19810301)47:5%3c926::aid-cncr2820470518%3e3.0.co;2-o"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01600112"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2482\/haigan.43.29"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2016.09.003"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000015053"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3816\/CLC.2009.n.040"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e3181d1dcdd"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/naika.72.1035"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s101200100016"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7819-9-47"}],"container-title":["Case Reports in Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/511763","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/511763","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T16:10:12Z","timestamp":1745424612000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000511763"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,23]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000511763","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1662-6575"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1662-6575","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,23]]}}}