{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]],"date-time":"2026-01-25T13:18:07Z","timestamp":1769347087921,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,26]],"date-time":"2020-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,26]],"date-time":"2020-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606348800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Addict Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Background:<\/i><\/b> As CRH-binding protein (CRHBP) SNP rs1500 was associated with reduced cocaine abuse after 1 year in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) for heroin addiction, we evaluated the association of additional 28 selected SNPs, in 17 stress-related genes, with MMT outcome. <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b> The distribution of genotypes of each SNP by cocaine abuse after 1 year in MMT was assessed under the dominant and recessive models using \u03c7<sup>2<\/sup>. Cumulative retention (up to 26.5 years) was studied using Kaplan-Meier analyses. Logistic regression and Cox model were used for multivariate analyses. <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> Of a nonselective sample of 404 patients, 25 patients with &#x3c;50% Europeans\/Middle Eastern ancestry were excluded. Of the remaining 379 patients, 330 (87.1%) stayed at least 1 year in treatment. Four SNPs were associated with cocaine abuse after 1 year in MMT. A lower proportion of cocaine abusers was found in the groups of subjects with the following genotypes: arginine vasopressin (<i>AVP<\/i>) SNP rs2282018 CC, <i>CRHBP<\/i> rs7728378 TT, galanin rs3136541 TT\/TC, and neuropeptide Y receptor Y1 (<i>NPY1R<\/i>) rs4518200 AA. The following independent variables were associated with lack of cocaine in urine after 1 year (multivariate analyses): <i>CRHBP<\/i> rs7728378 TT, <i>NPY1R<\/i> rs4518200 AA, no cocaine in urine on admission, as well as opiate and benzodiazepine use after 1 year in MMT. Cumulative retention (<i>n<\/i> = 379) was longer in carriers of <i>AVP<\/i> rs2282018 CC (13.7 years, 95% CI 11.1\u201316.2) versus TT\/TC genotypes (10.5, 95% CI 9.4\u201311.5) (<i>p<\/i> = 0.0230) <b><i>Conclusions:<\/i><\/b> The study suggests that a reduction in cocaine abuse and longer retention among MMT patients is mediated in part by variants in stress-related genes and is a step toward precision medicine. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000511898","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,26]],"date-time":"2020-11-26T22:00:31Z","timestamp":1606428031000},"page":"198-205","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Polymorphisms in Stress-Related Genes Are Associated with Reduced Cocaine Abuse and Longer Retention in Methadone Maintenance Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Einat","family":"Peles","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Orna","family":"Levran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Randesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jurg","family":"Ott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary Jeanne","family":"Kreek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Adelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10550887.2012.694598"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002207.pub3"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2013.05.001"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1747-597X-9-46"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.11.034"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-183X.2008.00410.x"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2014.03.017"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs-2017-0092"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-7364-6-2"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.1222"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2014.901587"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2015.01.009"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00952990802455444"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-0346-0228-0_14"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.npep.2015.09.008"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ahg.12064"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs-2017-0179"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2011.09.009"}],"container-title":["European Addiction Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/511898","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/511898","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T16:11:28Z","timestamp":1745424688000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000511898"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,26]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000511898","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1022-6877","1421-9891"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1022-6877","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9891","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,26]]}}}