{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T15:00:20Z","timestamp":1773241220623,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]],"date-time":"2021-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]],"date-time":"2021-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625702400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Folia Phoniatr Logop"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Introduction:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; To the best of our knowledge, there is a lack of reliable, validated, and standardized (Dutch) measuring instruments to document visual speech perception in a structured way. This study aimed to: (1) evaluate the effects of age, gender, and the used word list on visual speech perception examined by a first version of the Dutch Test for (Audio-)Visual Speech Perception on word level (TAUVIS-words) and (2) assess the internal reliability of the TAUVIS-words. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Thirty-nine normal-hearing adults divided into the following 3 age categories were included: (1) younger adults, age 18\u201339 years; (2) middle-aged adults, age 40\u201359 years; and (3) older adults, age &amp;#x3e;60 years. The TAUVIS-words consist of 4 word lists, i.e., 2 monosyllabic word lists (MS 1 and MS 2) and 2 polysyllabic word lists (PS 1 and PS 2). A first exploration of the effects of age, gender, and test stimuli (i.e., the used word list) on visual speech perception was conducted using the TAUVIS-words. A mixed-design analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to analyze the results statistically. Lastly, the internal reliability of the TAUVIS-words was assessed by calculating the Chronbach \u03b1. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; The results revealed a significant effect of the used list. More specifically, the score for MS 1 was significantly better compared to that for PS 2, and the score for PS 1 was significantly better compared to that for PS 2. Furthermore, a significant main effect of gender was found. Women scored significantly better compared to men. The effect of age was not significant. The TAUVIS-word lists were found to have good internal reliability. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; This study was a first exploration of the effects of age, gender, and test stimuli on visual speech perception using the TAUVIS-words. Further research is necessary to optimize and validate the TAUVIS-words, making use of a larger study sample. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000518205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]],"date-time":"2021-07-08T21:01:08Z","timestamp":1625778068000},"page":"131-140","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Effects of Age, Gender and Test Stimuli on Visual Speech Perception: A Preliminary Study"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Dorien","family":"Ceuleers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ingeborg","family":"Dhooge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sofie","family":"Degeest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanneleen","family":"Van\u00a0Steen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Keppler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nele","family":"Baudonck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14992020802301142"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8721.2008.00615.x"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/264746a0"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.9.5.753"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000259969"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1511\/1998.25.861"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2006.06.008"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1907309"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203098752"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470757024.ch3"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-007-1110-1"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2012\/12-0039)"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9924(85)90027-9"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03005369509086594"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2007\/080)"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8279.1977.tb03001.x"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9817.12062"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003446-200210000-00006"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3766\/jaaa.18.10.7"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2009\/08-0137)"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.416300"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2008.10.017"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1138741600004492"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jecp.1997.2379"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01050399309046021"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.1988.66.2.415"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14992020500485718"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2015_JSLHR-H-14-0288"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4047\/jap.2010.2.3.71"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-818X.2009.00125.x"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17549507.2016.1193897"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/aad.2012.1165"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-6393(98)00049-1"}],"container-title":["Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/518205","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/518205","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:12:27Z","timestamp":1745421147000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000518205"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,22]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000518205","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1021-7762","1421-9972"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1021-7762","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9972","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]]}}}