{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T13:48:22Z","timestamp":1789652902278,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]],"date-time":"2021-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]],"date-time":"2021-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respiration"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Self-management is considered important in the management of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) or sarcoidosis. However, data about the degree of activation for self-management is lacking. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Objectives:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; The aim of the study was to determine the degree of activation for self-management in patients with IPF or sarcoidosis using the Patient Activation Measure (PAM) and to evaluate the association between PAM scores, clinical characteristics, and health-related outcomes. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Study Design and Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; This cross-sectional prospective study assessed besides the PAM also demographics, lung function, dyspnea (modified Medical Research Council [mMRC]), fatigue (Checklist Individual Strength-Fatigue [CIS-Fatigue]), anxiety\/depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS-A\/HADS-D]), and generic health status (EuroQol five-dimensional-five-level [EQ-5D-5L]). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Mean PAM was 55.0 (9.1) points in patients with IPF (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;\/i&gt; = 59) and low levels of patient activation for self-management (PAM \u226455.1 points) were present in 56% of the patients. PAM Scores correlated significantly (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; &amp;#x3c; 0.05) with mMRC (\u03c1 = \u22120.476), HADS-A (\u03c1 = \u22120.326), HADS-D (\u03c1 = \u22120.459), and EQ-5D-5L (\u03c1 = 0.393). In patients with sarcoidosis (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;\/i&gt; = 59), the mean PAM score was 55.7 (11.0) points, and 46% of the patients reported low PAM levels. Significant correlations were found with mMRC (\u03c1 = -0.356), HADS-A (\u03c1 = \u22120.394), HADS-D (\u03c1 = \u22120.478), and EQ-5D-5L (\u03c1 = 0.313). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; About half of the outpatients with IPF or sarcoidosis have a low degree of activation for self-management, and these patients generally report more dyspnea, anxiety, depression, and a lower health status. Whether patients with a low degree of activation can be successful in self-managing their disease remains to be determined. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000518216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]],"date-time":"2021-08-31T21:00:32Z","timestamp":1630443632000},"page":"76-83","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Patient Activation for Self-Management in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis or Sarcoidosis"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"101","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7946-4697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ada E.M.","family":"Bloem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R\u00e9my L.M.","family":"Mostard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naomi","family":"Stoot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan 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