{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:10:59Z","timestamp":1790799059441,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Uveitis is a leading cause of sight-threatening disease worldwide and is characterized by inflammation of the uvea, retina, and optic nerve. Among the forms of uveitis, immune-mediated uveitis represents the majority of cases in developed countries, while infectious uveitis is more common in developing countries. A Western lifestyle is thought to be one of the factors contributing to the difference and is responsible for the increasing incidence of immune-mediated uveitis. A vast range of studies have reported the importance of lifestyle factors, including smoking, gut microbiome, diet, and physical activity on immune-mediated uveitis patients and animal models of uveitis; however, there is a lack of an expert-led consensus initiative for the management of immune-mediated uveitis patients in the area of lifestyle. Herein, we summarize the advancements in the role of lifestyle factors in immune-mediated uveitis based on clinical and experimental evidence and make suggestions for patients to ameliorate inflammation and improve the prognosis, including quitting smoking, engaging in regular physical activity, consuming a personalized anti-inflammatory diet, and optimizing the gut microbiome. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000518496","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,29]],"date-time":"2021-09-29T21:25:14Z","timestamp":1632950714000},"page":"687-695","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Immune-Mediated Uveitis and Lifestyle Factors: A 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