{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T15:12:08Z","timestamp":1784819528135,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neonatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Background:<\/i><\/b> Neonatal anemia may compromise oxygen transport to the brain. The effects of anemia and cerebral oxygenation on neurological functioning in the early neonatal period are largely unknown. <b><i>Objective:<\/i><\/b> This study aimed to determine the association between initial hemoglobin levels (Hb) and early neurological functioning in preterm infants by assessing their general movements (GMs). <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b> A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data on preterm infants born before 32 weeks of gestation was conducted. We excluded infants with intraventricular hemorrhage &#x3e; grade II. On day 8, we assessed infants\u2019 GMs, both generally as normal\/abnormal and in detail using the general movement optimality score (GMOS). We measured cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (r<sub>c<\/sub>SO<sub>2<\/sub>) on day 1 using near-infrared spectroscopy. <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> We included 65 infants (median gestational age 29.9 weeks [IQR 28.2\u201331.0]; median birth weight 1,180 g [IQR 930\u20131,400]). Median Hb on day 1 was 10.3 mmol\/L (range 4.2\u201313.7). Lower Hb on day 1 was associated with a higher risk of abnormal GMs (OR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.3\u20134.1) and poorer GMOSs (<i>B<\/i> = 0.9, 95% CI: 0.2\u20131.7). Hemoglobin strongly correlated with r<sub>c<\/sub>SO<sub>2<\/sub> (rho = 0.62, <i>p<\/i> &#x3c; 0.01). Infants with lower r<sub>c<\/sub>SO<sub>2<\/sub> values tended to have a higher risk of abnormal GMs (<i>p<\/i> = 0.06). After adjusting for confounders, Hb on day 1 explained 44% of the variance of normal\/abnormal GMs and r<sub>c<\/sub>SO<sub>2<\/sub> explained 17%. Regarding the explained variance of the GMOS, this was 25% and 16%, respectively. <b><i>Conclusions:<\/i><\/b> In preterm infants, low Hb on day 1 is associated with impaired neurological functioning on day 8, which is partly explained by low cerebral oxygenation. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000518655","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,7]],"date-time":"2021-09-07T21:00:33Z","timestamp":1631048433000},"page":"593-599","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Neonatal Hemoglobin Levels in Preterm Infants Are Associated with Early Neurological Functioning"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"118","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5443-9770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Willemien S.","family":"Kalteren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9037-8653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mirthe J.","family":"Mebius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elise A.","family":"Verhagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jozien C.","family":"Tanis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth M.W.","family":"Kooi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arend F.","family":"Bos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-014-0247-6"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2019.1689948"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2009.163592"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2019.00463"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12622"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-0338"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09297049.2010.544647"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.11.038"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)10182-3"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12923"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-018-0211-y"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2010.03.004"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.15903"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2001.109608"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000454917"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000486584"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.14402"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-0491"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.13558"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-2117"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.14463"}],"container-title":["Neonatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/518655","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/518655","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:17:55Z","timestamp":1745421475000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000518655"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000518655","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"is-supplemented-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.16578152","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["1661-7800","1661-7819"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1661-7800","type":"print"},{"value":"1661-7819","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}}}