{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T07:08:46Z","timestamp":1793084926802,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]],"date-time":"2021-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632182400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]],"date-time":"2021-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632182400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respiration"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Multicentre studies focussing on specific long-term post-COVID-19 symptoms are scarce. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Objective:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; The aim of this study was to determine the levels of fatigue and dyspnoea, repercussions on daily life activities, and risk factors associated with fatigue or dyspnoea in COVID-19 survivors at long term after hospital discharge. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Age, gender, height, weight, symptoms at hospitalization, pre-existing medical comorbidity, intensive care unit admission, and the presence of cardio-respiratory symptoms developed after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection were collected from patients who recovered from COVID-19 at 4 hospitals in Madrid (Spain) from March 1 to May 31, 2020 (first COVID-19 wave). The Functional Impairment Checklist was used for evaluating fatigue\/dyspnoea levels and functional limitations. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; A total of 1,142 patients (48% women, age: 61, standard deviation [SD]: 17 years) were assessed 7.0 months (SD 0.6) after hospitalization. Fatigue was present in 61% patients, dyspnoea with activity in 55%, and dyspnoea at rest in 23.5%. Only 355 (31.1%) patients did not exhibit fatigue and\/or dyspnoea 7 months after hospitalization. Forty-five per cent reported functional limitations with daily living activities. Risk factors associated with fatigue and dyspnoea included female gender, number of pre-existing comorbidities, and number of symptoms at hospitalization. The number of days at hospital was a risk factor just for dyspnoea. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Fatigue and\/or dyspnoea were present in 70% of hospitalized COVID-19 survivors 7 months after discharge. In addition, 45% patients exhibited limitations on daily living activities. Being female, higher number of pre-existing medical comorbidities and number of symptoms at hospitalization were risk factors associated to fatigue\/dyspnoea in COVID-19 survivors 7 months after hospitalization. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000518854","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]],"date-time":"2021-09-21T21:08:35Z","timestamp":1632258515000},"page":"132-141","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":89,"title":["Fatigue and Dyspnoea as Main Persistent Post-COVID-19 Symptoms in Previously Hospitalized Patients: Related Functional Limitations and Disability"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"C\u00e9sar","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-de-las-Pe\u00f1as","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Domingo","family":"Palacios-Ce\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00edctor","family":"G\u00f3mez-Mayordomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0048-9358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Palacios-Ce\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7908-2066","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana I.","family":"de-la-Llave-Rinc\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Velasco-Arribas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stella","family":"Fuensalida-Novo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Ambite-Quesada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Guijarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda L.","family":"Cuadrado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lidiane L.","family":"Florencio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 A.","family":"Arias-Naval\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Ortega-Santiago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos M.","family":"Elvira-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis J.","family":"Molina-Trigueros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Torres-Macho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomas","family":"Sebasti\u00e1n-Viana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Gabriela","family":"Canto-Diez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margarita","family":"Cigar\u00e1n-M\u00e9ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valent\u00edn","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Barrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Arendt-Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2002032"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-020-02598-6"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.17709"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.08.029"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.09.052"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M20-5926"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0243882"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/14799731211002240"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0240784"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-005-1463-5"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0262-4079(20)30746-6"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2020-216377"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00542-2020"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104485"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.09.016"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2021.110538"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-021-01463-0"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2020.00152"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13293-020-00304-9"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2021.03.023"}],"container-title":["Respiration"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/518854","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/518854","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:19:57Z","timestamp":1745421597000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000518854"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000518854","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0025-7931","1423-0356"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0025-7931","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0356","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]]}}}