{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T14:37:12Z","timestamp":1791988632838,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Med Princ Pract"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has historically been regarded as a male disease. However, there are a number of significant gender-related differences in the symptoms, diagnosis, and consequences of OSA, which seems to be more severe in male than in female patients, although this sex difference decreases with increasing age. Female patients with OSA tend to present nonspecific symptoms, such as insomnia, depressive symptoms, fatigue, morning headache, and nightmares, often resulting in underdiagnosis and undertreatment compared to male patients. Understanding these differences in women is essential for early identification and referral of patients for diagnosis and treatment of OSA. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000518932","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,26]],"date-time":"2021-08-26T21:00:54Z","timestamp":1630011654000},"page":"508-514","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Evaluation of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Female Patients in Primary Care: Time for Improvement?"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Izolde","family":"Bouloukaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioanna","family":"Tsiligianni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophia","family":"Schiza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.27497"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/22.6.749"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2040622315590318"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199304293281704"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2004.03.002"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2007.11.003"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(19)30198-5"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01148-2015"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00043-0"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00212711"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-156-2-201201170-00006"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/30.9.1173"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.1115"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/20.9.705"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0030-2019"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/28.3.309"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2009.02.006"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/smrv.2002.0260"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1550-8579(07)80062-3"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/28.3.309"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/30.3.312"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/27.2.305"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.118.2.372"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.149.3.8118642"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1996.00440200055007"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-017-1308-6"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.8074"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00212711"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00043210"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3978\/j.issn.2072-1439.2016.01.49"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-016-1430-0"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5935\/1984-0063.20190076"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-017-1482-9"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.1992.tb00009.x"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/wjns.2015.51006"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2019.02.011"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2017.02.032"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201311-2012OC"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9010130"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0113076"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9113583"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.12770"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-014-1051-4"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874306401408010034"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/30.9.1173"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/27.6.1113"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17134701"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.12-2283"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.016985"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resinv.2019.08.002"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1479972315606312"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-018-1621-y"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NSS.S235642"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2016.10.004"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-019-01790-x"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5935\/1984-0063.20190048"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-018-1658-y"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.118.008642"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5543\/tkda.2019.66247"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NSS.S75166"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-011-0580-3"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.08-1414"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-010-0436-2"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.121.2.430"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2011.05.008"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2017.09.115"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2007.11.003"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2004.03.002"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/20.9.705"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmx008"}],"container-title":["Medical Principles and Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/518932","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/518932","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:20:40Z","timestamp":1745421640000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000518932"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,16]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000518932","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1011-7571","1423-0151"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1011-7571","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0151","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}}}