{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T11:40:16Z","timestamp":1773402016919,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,22]],"date-time":"2021-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,22]],"date-time":"2021-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637539200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["GE Port J Gastroenterol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Background:<\/i><\/b> Current evidence supports the use of virtual reality (VR) simulation-based training for novice endoscopists. However, there is still a need for a standardized induction programme which ensures sufficient preparation, with knowledge and basic skills, before their approach to patient-based training. We designed a structured progressive programme in upper endoscopy and colonoscopy and aimed to determine its impact on cognitive and technical performance. <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b> Prospective, multicentre study, focused on \u201cEndoscopy I, 2018,\u201d a course with a theoretical and a hands-on module (20 h) in the GI Mentor II\u00ae. Gastroenterology residents of the 1st year were enrolled. A pre-test and test were applied to evaluate the cognitive component, and a pre-training and post-training esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and colonoscopy VR cases were used to evaluate the technical component. The hands-on training included psychomotor exercises (Navigation I, Endobubble I), 4 EGD, and 4 colonoscopy VR cases. The metrics applied for technical skills evaluation were time to reach the second portion of duodenum (D2)\/cecum (seconds), efficiency of screening (%), and time the patient was in pain (%). <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> Twenty-three participants were included, majority female (67%), 26 \u00b1 0.7 years old. Comparing the pre-test versus test, the cognitive score significantly improved (11\/15 vs. 14\/15; <i>p<\/i> &#x3c; 0.001). Considering the technical assessment after training: in EGD, the time to D2 was significantly lower (193 vs. 63 s; <i>p<\/i> &#x3c; 0.001), and the efficiency of screening significantly better (64 vs. 91%; <i>p<\/i> &#x3c; 0.001); in colonoscopy, the time to reach the cecum was significantly lower (599 vs. 294 s; <i>p<\/i> = 0.001), the time the patient was in pain was significantly lower (27 vs. 10%; <i>p<\/i> = 0.005), and the efficiency of screening had a tendency towards improvement (50 vs. 68%; <i>p<\/i> = 0.062). <b><i>Conclusion:<\/i><\/b> The proposed training curriculum in basic endoscopy for novices is aligned with international recommendations and demonstrated a significant impact on cognitive and technical skills learning achievements. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000519927","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,22]],"date-time":"2021-11-22T22:00:41Z","timestamp":1637618441000},"page":"385-392","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The Impact of a Structured Virtual Reality Simulation Training Curriculum for Novice Endoscopists"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2594-852X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia","family":"Silva\u00a0Mendes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9787-8175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Areia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0121-6850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e1rio","family":"Dinis\u00a0Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Rolanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.11.293"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11938-018-0191-1"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.10.037"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4253\/wjge.v6.i1.6"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-007-9297-6"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-007-9394-6"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-3565(04)00067-9"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2006.11.032"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2014.09.014"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4253\/wjge.v12.i3.98"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2014-307173"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008237.pub3"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-017-5436-x"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0981-7705"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0988-0887"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4253\/wjge.v11.i3.209"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2015.04.008"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2017.03.1529"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1256372"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2009.191825"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4253\/wjge.v7.i18.1287"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.04.007"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-005-0852-8"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2016.05.004"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2019.05.024"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2015.04.041"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1255818"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.10.017"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000313481007600732"}],"container-title":["GE - 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