{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T21:35:42Z","timestamp":1780522542153,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]],"date-time":"2021-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634169600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]],"date-time":"2021-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634169600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuroendocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Activation of the locus coeruleus-noradrenergic (LC-NA) system during awakening is associated with an increase in plasma corticosterone and cardiovascular tone. These studies evaluate the role of the LC in this corticosterone and cardiovascular response. Methods: Male rats, on day 0, were treated intraperitoneally with either DSP4 (50 mg\/kg body weight) (DSP), an LC-NA specific neurotoxin, or normal saline (SAL). On day 10, animals were surgically prepared with jugular vein (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal [HPA] axis) or carotid artery (hemodynamics) catheters and experiments performed on day 14. HPA axis activity, diurnally (circadian) and after stress (transient hemorrhage [14 mL\/kg body weight] or air puff-startle), and basal and post-hemorrhage hemodynamics were evaluated. On day 16, brain regions from a subset of rats were dissected for norepinephrine and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) assay. Results: In DSP rats compared to SAL rats, (1) regional brain norepinephrine was decreased, but there was no change in median eminence or olfactory bulb CRF content; (2) during HPA axis acrophase, the plasma corticosterone response was blunted; (3) after hemorrhage and air puff-startle, the plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone response was attenuated, whereas the corticosterone response was dependent on stressor category; (4) under basal conditions, hemodynamic measures exhibited altered blood flow dynamics and systemic vasodilation; and (5) after hemorrhage, hemodynamics exhibited asynchronous responses. Conclusion: LC-NA modulation of diurnal and stress-induced HPA axis reactivity occurs via distinct neurocircuits. The integrity of the LC-NA system is important to maintain blood flow dynamics. The importance of increases in plasma corticosterone at acrophase to maintain short- and long-term cardiovascular homeostasis is discussed. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000520192","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]],"date-time":"2021-10-14T21:13:42Z","timestamp":1634246022000},"page":"763-776","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Locus Coeruleus Noradrenergic Modulation of Diurnal Corticosterone, Stress Reactivity, and Cardiovascular Homeostasis in Male Rats"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"K.V.","family":"Thrivikraman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Becky","family":"Kinkead","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Owens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark 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