{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:52:18Z","timestamp":1787017938346,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychother Psychosom"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Introduction:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has proven its efficacy in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Objective:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; To test generalizability to routine care settings, we conducted an effectiveness study to provide naturalistic outcome data and their predictors. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Pre-post changes in symptoms and impairment as well as response rates were determined in a naturalistic OCD sample (intention-to-treat, ITT, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;\/i&gt; = 393). Patients received individual CBT for OCD adopting an exposure-based, non-manualized treatment format. Linear and logistic regression analyses were applied to identify associations of sociodemographic and clinical variables with symptom change. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Effect size in ITT patients amounted to &lt;i&gt;d&lt;\/i&gt; = 1.47 in primary outcome (Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, Y-BOCS). Remission rates were 46.3% (ITT), 52.0% (completers), and 18.2% (non-completers). The rates of treatment response without remission, no change, and deterioration in the ITT sample were 13.2, 38, and 3%, respectively. Initial symptom severity, comorbid personality disorder, and unemployment were associated with a poorer outcome, and previous medication with a better outcome. Comorbid depressive and anxiety disorders as well as other clinical or sociodemographic variables showed no effects on symptom change. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Outcomes in this large observational trial in a naturalistic setting correspond to available RCT findings suggesting that CBT for OCD should be strongly recommended for dissemination in routine care. Targets for further research include early prediction of non-response and development of alternative treatment strategies for patients who respond insufficiently.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000520454","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,14]],"date-time":"2022-01-14T17:00:36Z","timestamp":1642179636000},"page":"123-135","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Effectiveness of Individual Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Predictors of Outcome in Adult Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Norbert","family":"Kathmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanja","family":"Jacobi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bj\u00f6rn","family":"Elsner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benedikt","family":"Reuter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2008.94"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1988.01800360042006"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-032210-104533"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2012.08.020"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2015.06.003"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0036933"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.126.4.512"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0003-066x.50.12.965"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0016032"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2013.07.003"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006x.68.4.594"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2013.08.008"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2018.04.004"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000500151"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000497334"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0005-7967(99)00049-2"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.134.4.382"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-13-104"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-531-91643-9_18"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989x.7.1.105"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20299"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0022-006x.59.1.12"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16506073.2018.1478447"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2004.09.006"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2012.10.003"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/jcp.v66n1111"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-199303000-00007"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000455170"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi_2013_27_104"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465815000582"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2011.04.004"}],"container-title":["Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/520454","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/520454","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T11:29:39Z","timestamp":1745407779000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000520454"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000520454","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"is-supplemented-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.18393683","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["0033-3190","1423-0348"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-3190","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0348","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}}}