{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T00:28:36Z","timestamp":1788049716932,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Haematol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a pandemic at the end of 2019 and continues to exert an unfavorable worldwide health impact on a large proportion of the population. A remarkable feature of COVID-19 is the precipitation of a hypercoagulable state, mainly in severe cases, leading to micro- and macrothrombosis, respiratory failure, and death. Despite the implementation of various therapeutic regimes, including anticoagulants, a large number of patients suffer from such serious complications. This review aims to describe the current knowledge on the pathophysiology of the coagulation mechanism in COVID-19. We describe the interplay between three important mediators of the disease and how this may lead to a hyperinflammatory and prothrombotic state that affects outcome, namely, the endothelium, the immune system, and the coagulation system. In line with the hypercoagulability state during COVID-19, we further review on the rare but severe vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia. We also summarize and comment on available anticoagulant treatment options and include suggestions for some future treatment considerations for COVID-19 anticoagulation therapy. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000522498","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,8]],"date-time":"2022-02-08T22:00:44Z","timestamp":1644357644000},"page":"282-296","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["COVID-19 Coagulopathy: From Pathogenesis to Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"145","author":[{"given":"Teba","family":"Alnima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark M.G.","family":"Mulder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bas C.T.","family":"van Bussel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugo","family":"ten Cate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.675191"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-020-0695-z"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1211721"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2020.104673"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.8707"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5482\/HAMO-14-11-0075"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000255691.76142.4a"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000255690.03436.ae"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200205001-00008"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2018.01.019"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.121.318225"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20191865"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003648"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMe2106315"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1714274"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijlh.13547"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2021.02.019"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.23422"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2104091"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMe2111151"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HS9.0000000000000526"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41371-020-00459-3"}],"container-title":["Acta Haematologica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/522498","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/522498","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:51:23Z","timestamp":1745423483000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000522498"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000522498","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-5792","1421-9662"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-5792","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9662","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}}}