{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T05:36:06Z","timestamp":1782452166002,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gynecol Obstet Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Objectives:<\/i><\/b> The persistently thin endometrium is a major cause of repeated implantation failure; however, there is no definite treatment for it yet. This study aimed to confirm the potential of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) as a therapeutic agent for endometrial regeneration. <b><i>Design:<\/i><\/b> An experimental study was carried out. <b><i>Participants\/Materials, Setting, Methods:<\/i><\/b> To assess the in vitro effect of hPBMC, the human primary endometrial epithelial cell lines SNU-685 and SNU-1077 were co-cultured with or without 1 \u00d7 10<sup>5<\/sup> hPBMCs for 24 h. To evaluate the in vivo effect, either 1 \u00d7 10<sup>5<\/sup> hPBMCs in PBS or PBS alone were injected into the left uterine horn of nonobese diabetic-severe combined immune-deficient mice, and the right untreated uterine horn was used as control. <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> Co-culture with hPBMCs stimulated significant proliferation in both SNU-685 and SNU-1077 cell lines (<i>p<\/i> = 0.002 and 0.044, respectively). Moreover, treatment with hPBMCs significantly increased the thickness in all parts of the endometrium compared with that in the untreated control uterine horn (proximal: 1.69 \u00b1 0.19 vs. 1.00 \u00b1 0.10, <i>p<\/i> = 0.009; middle: 1.51 \u00b1 0.14 vs. 1.00 \u00b1 0.12, <i>p<\/i> = 0.010; distal: 1.72 \u00b1 0.22 vs. 1.00 \u00b1 0.12, <i>p<\/i> = 0.003, respectively). Compared with the PBS injection group, the hPBMC injection group had significantly thickened endometrium in the middle (<i>p<\/i> = 0.036) and distal segments (<i>p<\/i> = 0.002) of the uterine horn. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the presence of exogenously injected hPBMCs in the uterus of recipient mice. hPBMC-recipient mice had cyclic uterus with normal histology in the endometrium. <b><i>Limitations:<\/i><\/b> hPBMCs were not applied directly to a mouse model with thin endometrium, so further study is needed. <b><i>Conclusion:<\/i><\/b> The beneficial effect of hPBMCs on endometrium may suggest their clinical feasibility for the safe treatment of infertile patients with persistently thin endometrium. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000524232","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]],"date-time":"2022-03-29T21:00:37Z","timestamp":1648587637000},"page":"105-115","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effect of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells on Mouse Endometrial Cell Proliferation: A Potential Therapeutics for Endometrial Regeneration"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Ji Yeon","family":"Ahn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeon Hee","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keun Cheon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji Hyang","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seo-Yeon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung Ryeol","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun Ju","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-020-05507-4"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0b013e32836024e7"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/3596079"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0015-0282(02)03375-7"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1472-6483(10)61434-4"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2010.10.002"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.3880050"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-07-0167"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2009.04.001"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2020.103121"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.20859"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/del312"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2011.07.001"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.13084"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035538"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0096662"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-014-0268-2"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001886"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2019.12.007"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s0074-02762000000200014"}],"container-title":["Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/524232","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/524232","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:59:46Z","timestamp":1745423986000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000524232"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000524232","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-7346","1423-002X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-7346","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-002X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}}}