{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T15:41:15Z","timestamp":1771602075502,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gynecol Obstet Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Introduction:<\/i><\/b> Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a severe complication associated with controlled ovarian stimulation (COS). GnRH agonist (GnRH-a) triggering is considered an efficient strategy to prevent OHSS in the high-risk patient. <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b> We performed a review of 11 cases of early and severe OHSS following GnRH-a triggering and freeze-all protocol. Electronic databases were searched from inception of each database until October 2021, to identify case reports and case series that reported OHSS after GnRH-a triggering and freeze-all approach describing patient demographics, COS protocol, and patient outcomes. <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> From the literature review, it is possible to suggest that (1) following GnRH-a triggering, the risk of early and severe OHSS is not totally cancelled; (2) despite it is not possible to predict the event, polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common risk factor; (3) the use of GnRH antagonist starting from the day of PU may represent a valid strategy for preventing OHSS in women with high-risk profile; (4) following the unexpected onset of OHSS, measuring serum levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is helpful to exclude an inadvertent exogenous administration or a pregnancy. <b><i>Conclusion:<\/i><\/b> The statement that OHSS risk is eliminated when GnRH-a triggering, a freeze-all strategy, and no hCG in the luteal phase may generate the idea that this event cannot occur. Although rare, these cases have been observed in a relatively short period of time. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000524904","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T21:00:27Z","timestamp":1662584427000},"page":"259-265","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome after GnRH Agonist Triggering and Freeze-All Protocol? Never Not, Hardly Ever: A Systematic Review of Case Reports"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Giuseppe Gabriele","family":"Iorio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2127-1876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luigi","family":"Carbone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5676-0055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Conforti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marika Ylenia","family":"Rovetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Picarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Cariati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ida","family":"Strina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evangelos","family":"Papanikolaou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Alviggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1"},{"key":"ref2"},{"key":"ref3"},{"key":"ref4"},{"key":"ref5"},{"key":"ref6"},{"key":"ref7"},{"key":"ref8"},{"key":"ref9"},{"key":"ref10"},{"key":"ref11"},{"key":"ref12"},{"key":"ref13"},{"key":"ref14"},{"key":"ref15"},{"key":"ref16"},{"key":"ref17"},{"key":"ref18"},{"key":"ref19"},{"key":"ref20"},{"key":"ref21"},{"key":"ref22"},{"key":"ref23"},{"key":"ref24"},{"key":"ref25"},{"key":"ref26"},{"key":"ref27"},{"key":"ref28"},{"key":"ref29"},{"key":"ref30"},{"key":"ref31"},{"key":"ref32"},{"key":"ref33"},{"key":"ref34"},{"key":"ref35"},{"key":"ref36"},{"key":"ref37"},{"key":"ref38"},{"key":"ref39"}],"container-title":["Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/524904","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/524904","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T14:58:02Z","timestamp":1745420282000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000524904"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000524904","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-7346","1423-002X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-7346","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-002X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}}}