{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T02:30:34Z","timestamp":1749177034843,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,25]],"date-time":"2022-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,25]],"date-time":"2022-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661385600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Horm Res Paediatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Children with self-limited delayed puberty (DP) (constitutional delay) enter puberty after variable waiting times, and the factors associated with their eventual pubertal timing are not well understood. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 99 girls and 228 boys with self-limited DP at an academic medical center between 2000 and 2015. To define features and potential subtypes of self-limited DP, we performed group-based trajectory modeling on childhood growth and latent-variable factor analysis on clinical characteristics. We then conducted time-to-event analyses to identify associations with pubertal timing. Results: We identified two distinct growth trajectories in individuals with self-limited DP: one with stable and the other with declining height percentiles. Latent-variable factor analysis identified five factors underlying clinical variation that appear to correspond to genetic height potential, body mass index, childhood growth, parental pubertal delay, and medical issues (attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder and inhaled glucocorticoid use). We observed correlations between pubertal timing and bone age (p = 0.01), childhood height (p = 0.004), and midparental target height (p &lt; 0.001), but not with parental pubertal delay or with testosterone treatment in boys. Conclusions: By illustrating the heterogeneity within self-limited DP and identifying factors underlying this heterogeneity, our study suggests that there may be multiple causes of self-limited DP. However, our ability to determine when puberty will eventually occur remains limited. Dissecting self-limited DP into its component subtypes may inform future studies of the mechanisms contributing to pubertal delay as well as studies of the short- and long-term outcomes of self-limited DP. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000526590","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,25]],"date-time":"2022-08-25T21:00:32Z","timestamp":1661461232000},"page":"267-277","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Approaches to Identify Factors Associated with Pubertal Timing in Self-Limited Delayed Puberty"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8782-1818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jia","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Enju","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amalia","family":"Feld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elfa","family":"Jonsdottir-Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3279-352X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandria","family":"Shirey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1748-0894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henry A.","family":"Feldman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5063-8470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina M.","family":"Astley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0554-8502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yee-Ming","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1109290"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2014-307963"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2018-00248"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab270"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198812153192402"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-14-0947"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4158\/EP-2019-0344"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000101011"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000328055"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-3476(85)80501-1"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000058107"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1203229"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.99.4.505"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-0146"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-2491"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-3773"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-1478"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.2011.01173.x"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-3291"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198211113072003"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.4.8395"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/07853899409147907"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10870547221099961"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054712466139"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2015.3526"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021954"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2017.04.001"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnz011"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-00682"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(95)90098-5"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1988.02150010106035"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-1786"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01958760"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-020862"}],"container-title":["Hormone Research in Paediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/hrp\/article-pdf\/96\/3\/267\/3930889\/000526590.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/hrp\/article-pdf\/96\/3\/267\/3930889\/000526590.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:17:26Z","timestamp":1745421446000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000526590"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,25]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000526590","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"is-supplemented-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.20625171","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["1663-2818","1663-2826"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1663-2818"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1663-2826"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,25]]}}}