{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T13:55:19Z","timestamp":1786715719434,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]],"date-time":"2022-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]],"date-time":"2022-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667865600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Case Rep Oncol"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Atypical neurofibromatous neoplasm with unknown biological potential (ANNUBP), proposed in a recent NIH consensus overview, is a rare precursor entity of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) patients. Only one report on imaging findings of ANNUBP is available. Herein, we present the case of a 19-year-old female, diagnosed with a mediastinal tumor by chance, who visited to our hospital. She had caf\u00e9-au-lait spots on her trunk and a past history of resected neurofibroma. Her family also had caf\u00e9-au-lait spots; therefore, an NF1-induced tumor was strongly suspected. MRI revealed a paravertebral mass of 7.5 cm in size consisting of an inner rim with low T2 signal intensity and an outer rim with high T2 intensity, which was similar to a target sign, adjacent to the pulmonary veins; the center of the tumor was well enhanced by gadolinium, and the peripheral region was myxoid and slightly enhanced. FDG-PET showed high FDG uptake, SUVmax of 8.5, although the peripheral region represented low FDG accumulation. CT-guided needle biopsy was repeated because of the suspicion of an MPNST, which resulted in the histopathological diagnosis of ANNUBP. Marginal tumor resection was performed, and the final post-resection histopathological diagnosis was ANNUBP transformed from neurofibroma; the region of ANNUBP lost p16 immunostaining, although it was retained in the peripheral region of the neurofibroma. There has been no recurrence or metastasis 1 year after treatment. In conclusion, ANNUBP could be represented as a well-enhanced homogeneous mass on MRI and a high FDG accumulated region on FDG PET\/CT, as seen in MPNST, in NF1 patients. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000526844","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]],"date-time":"2022-11-08T22:00:59Z","timestamp":1667944859000},"page":"988-994","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Atypical Neurofibromatous Neoplasm with Uncertain Biologic Potential in the Posterior Mediastinum of a Young Patient with Neurofibromatosis Type 1: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Kodai","family":"Miyamoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liuzhe","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Tsuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naohiro","family":"Makise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoichi","family":"Yasunaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masako","family":"Ikemura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yudai","family":"Nakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eisuke","family":"Shibata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuo","family":"Ushiku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sakae","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]]},"container-title":["Case Reports in Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/526844","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/526844","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:19:58Z","timestamp":1745421598000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000526844"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,29]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000526844","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1662-6575"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1662-6575","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]]}}}