{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T14:34:28Z","timestamp":1762353268904,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]],"date-time":"2022-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]],"date-time":"2022-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667865600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cerebrovasc Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) detected on susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) are associated with cerebral small vessel disease. Chronic kidney disease and microalbuminuria have been associated with the presence of CMBs in stroke patients. Urinary immunoglobulin G (IgG) is measured to document glomerular injury; however, the relationship between urinary IgG and CMBs is unknown. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; We retrospectively enrolled consecutive patients who had been admitted with transient ischemic attack (TIA) or ischemic stroke and identified those who had undergone SWI and a spot urine test. The location of CMBs was classified on magnetic resonance imaging as strictly lobar, deep\/infratentorial (D\/I), or mixed areas. We analyzed the association between urinary IgG and the presence and location of CMBs. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; We included 298 patients (86 female, median age 70 years, median eGFR 65.8 mL\/min\/1.73 m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;\/sup&gt;). Positive urinary IgG and CMB results were found in 58 (19%) and 160 patients (54%), respectively. Urinary IgG positivity was significantly associated with CMBs compared with non-CMBs (28% vs. 9%, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; &amp;#x3c; 0.001), and with D\/I or mixed CMBs compared with non-D\/I or mixed CMBs (34% vs. 10%, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; &amp;#x3c; 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that urinary IgG and hypertension positivity were strongly associated with D\/I or mixed CMBs (OR 3.479, 95% CI: 1.776\u20136.818, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; &amp;#x3c; 0.001; OR 3.415, 95% CI: 1.863\u20136.258, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; &amp;#x3c; 0.001). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Urinary IgG was associated with the prevalence of D\/I or mixed location CMBs in TIA or ischemic stroke patients. Our findings provide new insights into the association between urinary IgG and the distribution of CMBs. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000527019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]],"date-time":"2022-11-08T22:00:47Z","timestamp":1667944847000},"page":"417-426","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Urinary Immunoglobulin G Is Associated with Deep and Infratentorial Cerebral Microbleeds in Stroke 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