{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T09:24:10Z","timestamp":1789032250732,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Arch Allergy Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening syndrome characterized by excessive inflammatory responses. This study explored the association between laboratory characteristics and outcomes in adult patients with HLH. Methods: The adult patients diagnosed with HLH at the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from September 2016 to September 2021 were retrospectively analyzed in this study. Results: A total of 90 HLH patients were included. Among them, 60% were males, with a median age at diagnosis of 54 years. More than 85% of HLH patients presented with fever, splenomegaly, and cytopenias. IL-10 and IL-6 were elevated in 93.3% and 91.1% of patients, respectively. Elevated IL-10 levels were associated with lower platelet counts (r = \u22120.37, p &lt; 0.001). Infections were seen in 46.7% (42\/90) of cases. 29 patients with malignancy-associated HLH had T- or NK-cell (n = 16) or B-cell (n = 12) lymphoma. Autoimmune diseases accounted for 21.1% (19\/90). Treatment was variable. In total, 36 patients survived (40%). The median overall survival (OS) was 1.5 months (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.2\u20132.8 months), with a 1-year OS of 40.9%. Patients with autoimmune diseases had markedly longer survival than those triggered by infection and malignancy (p &lt; 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that treatment delays (hazard ratios 0.36, 95% CI: 0.14\u20130.94, p = 0.036), platelet count (2.33, 1.30\u20134.18, p = 0.005), and IL-10 (2.07, 1.16\u20133.68, p = 0.014) were independent risk factors for poor outcome. Conclusion: Infection and lymphoma are the leading causes of HLH in adult patients with heterogeneous clinical manifestations. Survival of adult HLH is frustrating, especially those associated with malignancies. Besides, elevated IL-10 levels were associated with lower platelet counts, and these two markers were independent risk factors for poor prognosis. Earlier treatment led to better outcomes. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000528349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]],"date-time":"2023-01-12T22:00:34Z","timestamp":1673560834000},"page":"400-408","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Elevated Interleukin-10 Levels Are Associated with Low Platelet Count and Poor Prognosis in 90 Adult Patients with Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"184","author":[{"given":"Lixia","family":"Hao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanlin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanping","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linhua","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]]},"container-title":["International Archives of Allergy and Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/iaa\/article-pdf\/184\/4\/400\/3956401\/000528349.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/iaa\/article-pdf\/184\/4\/400\/3956401\/000528349.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:01:32Z","timestamp":1745420492000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000528349"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,20]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000528349","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1018-2438","1423-0097"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1018-2438","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0097","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}}}