{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T16:19:36Z","timestamp":1773332376614,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]],"date-time":"2022-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]],"date-time":"2022-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671494400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Haematol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Severe COVID-19 illness can lead to thrombotic complications, organ failure, and death. Antithrombin (AT) regulates thromboinflammation and is a key component of chemical thromboprophylaxis. Our goal was to examine the link between AT activity and responsiveness to thromboprophylaxis, markers of hypercoagulability, and inflammation among severe COVID-19 patients. Methods: This was a single-center, prospective observational study enrolling SARS-CoV-2-positive patients admitted to the intensive care unit on prophylactic enoxaparin. Blood was collected daily for 7 days to assess AT activity and anti-factor Xa levels. Patient demographics, outcomes, and hospital laboratory results were collected. Continuous variables were compared using Mann-Whitney tests, and categorical variables were compared using \u03c72 tests. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the association between AT activity and mortality. Results: In 36 patients, 3 thromboembolic events occurred, and 18 (50%) patients died. Patients who died had higher fibrinogen, D-dimer, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and lower AT activity. Reduced AT activity was independently associated with mortality and correlated with both markers of hypercoagulability (D-dimer) and inflammation (CRP). Conclusion: Low AT activity is associated with mortality and persistent hypercoagulable and proinflammatory states in severe COVID-19 patients. The anti-thromboinflammatory properties of AT make it an appealing therapeutic target for future studies. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000528584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]],"date-time":"2022-12-20T22:00:27Z","timestamp":1671573627000},"page":"117-124","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Antithrombin Activity Is Associated with Persistent Thromboinflammation and Mortality in Patients with Severe COVID-19 Illness"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"146","author":[{"given":"Amber","family":"Chen-Goodspeed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Goutham","family":"Dronavalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4053-8553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeanette M.","family":"Podbielski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5804-5226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bela","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0706-9196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katalin","family":"Modis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4184-6742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bryan A.","family":"Cotton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles E.","family":"Wade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6668-1054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica C.","family":"Cardenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]]},"container-title":["Acta Haematologica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/aha\/article-pdf\/146\/2\/117\/3965108\/000528584.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/aha\/article-pdf\/146\/2\/117\/3965108\/000528584.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:04:19Z","timestamp":1745420659000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000528584"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,20]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000528584","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-5792","1421-9662"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-5792","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9662","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]]}}}