{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T03:41:23Z","timestamp":1789530083873,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gynecol Obstet Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: This study was designated to establish a polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rat model with recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-1 (RH-IGF-1). We made assessment on the characteristics of hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenism in the rat model. Design: This study performed the characteristics of PCOS upon RH-IGF-1 injection and evaluated the disease process of PCOS syndrome caused by the insulin-resistant pathological condition of IGF-1 based on the comparative study of in vivo test. Setting: The experiment was conducted in the experimental research center of Yinzhou NO.2 hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China. Materials and Methods: Thirty-four female Sprague Dawley immature rats aged 21 days were randomly divided into two groups. Those treated with RH-IGF-1 2 mg\/100 g daily were in RH-IGF-1 group (n = 20), and those with 0.9% sodium chloride 0.2 mL\/100 g daily were in the saline group (n = 14). The experiment was carried out in two stages. In stage I, rats were anesthetized upon the first estrous cycle in the saline group with tissue and blood samples collected (n = 7), and rats in the RH-IGF-1-treated group were anesthetized on the 5th day after vaginal opening (VO) (n = 10). In stage II, rats in the saline group were anesthetized after three complete cycles (n = 7), meanwhile, while on the 15th day after VO (n = 10) for those in the RH-IGF-1 group. Results: We have found that compared with the control group, rats injected with RH-IGF-1 expressed an early VO, disordered estrous cycle, polycystic ovaries, and significantly increased ovarian weight\/body weight ratio. And from the perspective of hormone secretion, their androgen increased significantly and the insulin resistance index also elevated distinctly, possessing main characteristics similar to PCOS. Limitations: In this study, we were limited by the inability to examine IGF-1 in hypothalamus. IGF-1 in hypothalamus and in vitro experiments would be taken into consideration for further study in the future. Conclusions: These findings suggest that IGF-1 may be a key factor in the pathogenesis of PCOS, and the increase of androgen may be the pathological result, not the cause of PCOS. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000529354","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]],"date-time":"2023-02-02T22:00:45Z","timestamp":1675375245000},"page":"143-149","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Elevated Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1-Induced Female Rats Perpetuate the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Phenotype: Pathological Mechanism of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Yuling","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kemiao","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaofeng","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]]},"container-title":["Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/goi\/article-pdf\/88\/3\/143\/3951792\/000529354.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/goi\/article-pdf\/88\/3\/143\/3951792\/000529354.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:12:55Z","timestamp":1745421175000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000529354"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,27]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000529354","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-7346","1423-002X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-7346","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-002X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}}}