{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T00:26:26Z","timestamp":1773102386746,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Medications used in the treatment of dermatologic conditions have been associated with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), basal cell carcinoma (BCC), melanoma, and Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). Objective: The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between systemic dermatologic medications and skin cancer in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Methods: Case-control analyses were performed in FAERS from 1968 to 2021 to examine the reporting odds ratios (RORs) for SCC, BCC, melanoma, and MCC. Results: The oral immunosuppressants were all associated with increased ROR of SCC, BCC, melanoma, and MCC. Azathioprine had the highest ROR for SCC (34.13, 95% CI 29.07\u201340.08), BCC (21.15, 95% CI 20.63\u201325.98), and MCC (44.76, 95% CI 31.52\u201363.55), while quinacrine and guselkumab had the highest ROR for melanoma (13.14, 95% CI 1.84\u201393.89 vs. 12.73, 95% CI 10.60\u201315.30, respectively). The TNF-\u03b1 inhibitors were associated with an increased ROR for all skin cancers investigated. Conclusions: The oral immunosuppressants and many biologic medications were associated with an increased ROR of skin cancers including TNF-\u03b1 inhibitors (etanercept, adalimumab, infliximab), IL-23 or IL-12\/23 inhibitors (ustekinumab, risankizumab), and the CD-20 inhibitor rituximab but not dupilumab or IL-17 inhibitors. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000530107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,13]],"date-time":"2023-04-13T21:00:30Z","timestamp":1681419630000},"page":"694-699","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Association of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers, Melanoma, and Merkel Cell Carcinoma with Dermatologic Medications: A Case-Control Pharmacovigilance Study of the FDA Adverse Events Reporting System"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"239","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8950-0965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick Michael","family":"Jedlowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0190-9622(99)70185-4"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2012.04.018"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers6031328"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.15956"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-018-0355-8"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-019-04865-y"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11864-020-00815-y"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.therap.2019.01.006"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0166-4328(01)00297-2"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908-011-0220-x"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.110982"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-021-02325-9"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13671-017-0174-9"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19420862.2021.1964420"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1114233"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7314\/apjcp.2012.13.9.4335"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0886022X.2020.1785499"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12675"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2017.07.013"}],"container-title":["Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/drm\/article-pdf\/239\/5\/694\/4029720\/000530107.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/drm\/article-pdf\/239\/5\/694\/4029720\/000530107.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:20:28Z","timestamp":1745421628000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000530107"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000530107","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"is-supplemented-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.22598449","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["1018-8665","1421-9832"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1018-8665","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9832","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}}}