{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T04:21:24Z","timestamp":1774585284670,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693526400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693526400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Horm Res Paediatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Introduction:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Exogenous insulin antibody syndrome (EIAS) rarely occurs in type 1 diabetes and should be considered in those with blood glucose levels outside the target range requiring greater than 2 units\/kg\/day of insulin without obesity. We describe the novel treatment of this condition using mycophenolate mofetil monotherapy in a pediatric patient in the outpatient setting. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Case Presentation:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; A 17-year-old Caucasian male with type 1 diabetes experienced an abrupt increase in insulin requirements from 1.7 to 3.3 units\/kg\/day. Total insulin level was 7 \u00b5IU\/mL with free insulin of 4.8 \u00b5IU\/mL (68% of the total insulin), suggesting the presence of insulin antibodies. Switching from insulin aspart to glulisine was unsuccessful as insulin requirements increased to 4.4 units\/kg\/day. Treatment with oral mycophenolate mofetil decreased insulin requirements to 1.4 units\/kg\/day after 7 months. Total and free insulin levels improved to 5.2 and 4.6 \u00b5IU\/mL, respectively (free insulin was 88% of total insulin). No adverse effects were encountered. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Mycophenolate mofetil monotherapy is successful in safely treating EIAS in a pediatric patient. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000531767","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T21:03:05Z","timestamp":1697058185000},"page":"303-310","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Exogenous Insulin Antibody Syndrome in a Pediatric Patient: Successful Treatment with Mycophenolate Mofetil"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"97","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7832-410X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leslie","family":"Saba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1410-2222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erica M.","family":"Fatica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3720-2402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amir B.","family":"Orandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siobhan T.","family":"Pittock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4513-1800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana L.","family":"Creo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI103262"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-021-01129-4"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jca.21905"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-17-0309"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2018.07.32"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-200203000-00001"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2003.026625"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2022.07.021"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2011.04.001"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-0326"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.20.1.71"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0168-8227(03)00105-0"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2005.10.018"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5448.2008.00408.x"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2009.02.007"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-1975"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EDM-13-0086"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.39.143"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-2420"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jca.21769"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8227(93)90148-x"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aace.2021.03.004"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2008.02621.x"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2020.0438"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-020-0374-8"}],"container-title":["Hormone Research in Paediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/hrp\/article-pdf\/97\/3\/303\/4235260\/000531767.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/hrp\/article-pdf\/97\/3\/303\/4235260\/000531767.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:38:58Z","timestamp":1745422738000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000531767"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000531767","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1663-2818","1663-2826"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1663-2818","type":"print"},{"value":"1663-2826","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]}}}