{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T23:27:42Z","timestamp":1782516462376,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Background:<\/i><\/b> The advancing evolution toward a Th2 immune environment confers a progressive immunosuppression in patients with longstanding cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). The conjunction of the disease-related immunosuppression as well as the immunosuppressive character of some CTCL treatments increase the risk of infectious and neoplastic diseases, sometimes with fatal outcomes. <b><i>Objectives:<\/i><\/b> The aim of the study was to prospectively study the causes of death in a cohort of CTCL patients, in a tertiary university skin cancer center. <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b> All CTCL patients who died between 2008 and 2020 were included. The cause of the death was classified as directly or indirectly related or unrelated to CTCL. <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> Over the study period, 31 (13F\/18<sc>m<\/sc>) patients with CTCL died (mean age: 75.2 years), mean delay between diagnosis and death: 3.2 years (min: 1, max: 12 years), 58.1% of death causes were classified as indirect (infection), 12.9% directly related (blastic transformation), 22.5% unrelated, and 6.5% of unknown cause. 51.6% of mycosis fungoides (MF) patients who died had early-stage disease (1A\u20132A) or were on remission. 45.2% of dead patients had advanced-stage MF (2B\u20134B). Mean CRP level is increased in patients who died from infection whereas LDH level increased in patients with blastosis. A tertiary center is expected to manage of a higher proportion of CTCL patients with advanced-stage disease. <b><i>Conclusions:<\/i><\/b> As infection represented more than 50% of the causes of death in CTCL patients, particular attention should be given to preventive measures such as anti-infective vaccination. Regular surveillance of CRP and LDH levels could be helpful for follow-up of MF patients, respectively, with regards to infection and blastosis. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000531979","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T21:03:05Z","timestamp":1697058185000},"page":"860-867","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Causes of Death in Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Patients"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"239","author":[{"given":"Eve","family":"Lebas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Collins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Somja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arjen F.","family":"Nikkels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2013.07.049"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2013.08.033"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clml.2012.06.010"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.267.10.1354"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000455944"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.12.026"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.12.027"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.139.7.857"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2007.08008.x"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-2629"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.17073"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.17194"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0190-9622(99)70491-3"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.143.1.45"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2013.7747"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2007.01846.x"}],"container-title":["Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/drm\/article-pdf\/239\/6\/860\/4054181\/000531979.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/drm\/article-pdf\/239\/6\/860\/4054181\/000531979.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:31:21Z","timestamp":1745422281000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000531979"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000531979","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1018-8665","1421-9832"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1018-8665","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9832","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}}}