{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T04:25:55Z","timestamp":1745468755127,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]],"date-time":"2023-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]],"date-time":"2023-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702944000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Introduction:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Carvacrol is a phenolic constituent of essential oils that has antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Method:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro spasmolytic and in vivo anti-dysmenorrhea potential of a nanoemulsion-containing carvacrol (nanoCARV). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; In isolated rat uterus, nanoCARV reduced spontaneous contractions (pEC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;\/sub&gt; = 3.91 \u00b1 0.25) and relaxed preparations pre-contracted with oxytocin (pEC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;\/sub&gt; = 3.78 \u00b1 0.2), carbachol (pEC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;\/sub&gt; = 4.15 \u00b1 0.4), prostaglandin F&lt;sub&gt;2\u03b1&lt;\/sub&gt; (pEC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;\/sub&gt; = 3.00 \u00b1 0.36), and KCl (pEC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;\/sub&gt; = 3.98 \u00b1 0.32). The investigation of the mechanism of action revealed significant differences (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; &amp;lt; 0.05) between the pEC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;\/sub&gt; values of nanoCARV in the absence or presence of aminophylline or tetraethylammonium. In a primary dysmenorrhea model, treatment with nanoCARV reduced the number of oxytocin-induced abdominal writhes. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; These data indicate that the anti-dysmenorrhea effect of nanoCARV may be related to the relaxation of uterine smooth muscle, with participation of the cAMP signaling pathway and potassium channels. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000535350","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,20]],"date-time":"2023-12-20T14:53:57Z","timestamp":1703084037000},"page":"115-120","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Carvacrol-Loaded Nanoemulsion Promotes Tocolytic and Anti-Dysmenorrhea Effects in Rodents"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Mirla Rossana Nogueira","family":"Mour\u00e3o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C\u00edcero Andr\u00e9 Ferreira","family":"Macedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tiago Feitosa","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariana Coelho","family":"Brito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pedro Modesto Nascimento","family":"Menezes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felipe Santana","family":"de Medeiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernanda Pires Rodrigues de Almeida","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julianeli Tolentino","family":"de Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marigilson Pontes de Siqueira","family":"Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabr\u00edcio Souza","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]]},"container-title":["Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pha\/article-pdf\/109\/2\/115\/4190784\/000535350.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pha\/article-pdf\/109\/2\/115\/4190784\/000535350.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:56:29Z","timestamp":1745423789000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000535350"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000535350","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-7012","1423-0313"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0031-7012"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1423-0313"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]]}}}