{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T10:53:24Z","timestamp":1790420004327,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Arch Allergy Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Introduction:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Mast cells are known for their involvement in allergic reactions but also in inflammatory reactions via secretion of numerous pro-inflammatory chemokines, cytokines, and enzymes. Drug development has focused on antiproliferative therapy for systemic mastocytosis and not on inhibitors of mast cell activation. The only drug available as a \u201cmast cell blocker\u201d is disodium cromoglycate (cromolyn), but it is poorly absorbed after oral administration, is a weak inhibitor of histamine release from human mast cells, and it develops rapid anaphylaxis. Instead, certain natural flavonoids, especially luteolin, can inhibit mast cell activation. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Here, we compared pretreatment (0\u2013120 min) with equimolar concentration (effective dose for 50% inhibition = 100 m&lt;sc&gt;m&lt;\/sc&gt; for inhibition of histamine release by cromolyn) of cromolyn and luteolin on release of mediators from the cultured human LADR mast cell line stimulated either by immunoglobulin E (IgE) and anti-IgE or with IL-33. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; We show that luteolin is significantly more potent than cromolyn inhibiting release of histamine, tryptase, metalloproteinase-9, and vascular endothelial growth factor. Moreover, while luteolin also significantly inhibited release of IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, and IL-8 (CXCL8) and TNF, cromolyn had no effect. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; These findings support the use of luteolin, especially in liposomal form to increase oral absorption, may be a useful alternative to cromolyn. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000537752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]],"date-time":"2024-04-08T21:00:31Z","timestamp":1712610031000},"page":"803-809","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Luteolin Is More Potent than Cromolyn in Their Ability to Inhibit Mediator Release from Cultured Human Mast Cells"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"185","author":[{"given":"Irene","family":"Tsilioni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theoharis","family":"Theoharides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1"},{"key":"ref2"},{"key":"ref3"},{"key":"ref4"},{"key":"ref5"},{"key":"ref6"},{"key":"ref7"},{"key":"ref8"},{"key":"ref9"},{"key":"ref10"},{"key":"ref11"},{"key":"ref12"},{"key":"ref13"},{"key":"ref14"},{"key":"ref15"},{"key":"ref16"},{"key":"ref17"},{"key":"ref18"},{"key":"ref19"},{"key":"ref20"},{"key":"ref21"},{"key":"ref22"},{"key":"ref23"},{"key":"ref24"},{"key":"ref25"},{"key":"ref26"},{"key":"ref27"},{"key":"ref28"},{"key":"ref29"},{"key":"ref30"},{"key":"ref31"},{"key":"ref32"},{"key":"ref33"},{"key":"ref34"},{"key":"ref35"},{"key":"ref36"},{"key":"ref37"},{"key":"ref38"},{"key":"ref39"},{"key":"ref40"},{"key":"ref41"},{"key":"ref42"},{"key":"ref43"},{"key":"ref44"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12050688"},{"key":"ref46"},{"key":"ref47"},{"key":"ref48"},{"key":"ref49"},{"key":"ref50"},{"key":"ref51"},{"key":"ref52"},{"key":"ref53"},{"key":"ref54"},{"key":"ref55"},{"key":"ref56"},{"key":"ref57"},{"key":"ref58"},{"key":"ref59"},{"key":"ref60"},{"key":"ref61"},{"key":"ref62"}],"container-title":["International Archives of Allergy and Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/iaa\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000537752\/4263167\/000537752.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/iaa\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000537752\/4263167\/000537752.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:06:14Z","timestamp":1745420774000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000537752"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000537752","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1018-2438","1423-0097"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1018-2438","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0097","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}}}