{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T15:47:59Z","timestamp":1783784879335,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]],"date-time":"2024-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708646400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]],"date-time":"2024-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708646400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Horm Res Paediatr"],"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; In recent years, remarkable advances in cancer immunotherapy have been introduced in the field of oncology. Since the discovery of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), these groups of medications have become a crucial treatment for several types of adult cancer. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Summary:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; To date, pediatric experience with this group of medications is limited. Nevertheless, as clinicians, we have to be aware of the possible immune-related adverse events including immune-related endocrinopathies (thyroid dysfunction, diabetes mellitus, adrenal insufficiency, and pituitary insufficiency) that have been reported regarding these medications. These adverse events probably result from uncontrolled activation of the immune system. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Key Message:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Early diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of immune-related endocrinopathies associated with ICIs treatment are also essential for the best supportive care and administration of ICIs in pediatric patients. This review presents the current data on the immune-related endocrinopathies associated with the ICIs treatment, with suggestions for management. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000537969","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]],"date-time":"2024-02-23T22:00:31Z","timestamp":1708725631000},"page":"1-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Endocrine-Related Adverse Conditions in Pediatric Patients Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibition for Malignancies"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"Shlomit","family":"Shalitin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.60.6376"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1297\/cpe.28.59"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.01.049"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI31405"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2008.00649.x"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1163633"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-3266-5_9"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2015.03.001"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02298"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.2.303"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2018.00086"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-12-195792"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/85330"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13061440"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-12-2625"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-017-3450-2"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.25284"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-16-1829"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-15-0491"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(20)30023-1"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(19)30671-0"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(19)30693-X"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-022-03159-8"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2017.09.032"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/EDBK_349799"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-020-03578-6"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1229558"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1182751"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.647733"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2021.03.032"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2020-000798"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2021-002347"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-22-2164"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(22)00559-9"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2022017118"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noad031"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2303383"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01636-9"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MJT.0000000000001680"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.01300"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-20-0342"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdv383"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-021-00484-3"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2017.3064"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1157805"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15010246"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12155161"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.991433"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14112687"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jendso\/bvab100"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-22-0513"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.01440"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2020.0032"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2018.0418"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2016.0562"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-020-0736-7"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/js.2017-00432"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2019.0250"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2020-000779"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17446651.2019.1701434"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-18-0068"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000443915"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jendso\/bvab022"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2020.09.016"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/js.2018-00366"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-1465"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.12024"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-0740"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dbi18-0002"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-2518"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13340-018-0362-2"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-19-0291"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2017.77.6385"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-18-0320"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.EJ19-0163"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-22-0689"}],"container-title":["Hormone Research in Paediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/hrp\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000537969\/4257824\/000537969.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/hrp\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000537969\/4257824\/000537969.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:08:20Z","timestamp":1745420900000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000537969"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]]},"references-count":76,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000537969","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1663-2818","1663-2826"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1663-2818","type":"print"},{"value":"1663-2826","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]]}}}