{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T04:59:04Z","timestamp":1784350744609,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713312000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713312000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Folia Phoniatr Logop"],"abstract":"<b><i>Introduction:<\/i><\/b> Visual Analysis of Swallowing Efficiency and Safety (VASES) and Dynamic Imaging Grade of Swallowing Toxicity for Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (DIGEST-FEES) are two complimentary methods for assessing swallowing during FEES. Whereas VASES is intended to facilitate trial-level ratings of pharyngeal residue, penetration, and aspiration, DIGEST-FEES is intended to facilitate protocol-level impairment grades of swallowing safety and efficiency. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of using VASES to derive DIGEST-FEES impairment grades. <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b> DIGEST-FEES grades were blindly analyzed from 50 FEES \u2013 first using the original DIGEST-FEES grading method (<i>n<\/i> = 50) and then again using a VASES-derived DIGEST-FEES grading method (<i>n<\/i> = 50). Weighted Kappa (\u03ba<sub><i>w<\/i><\/sub>) and absolute agreement (%) were used to assess the relationship between the original DIGEST-FEES grades and VASES-derived DIGEST-FEES grades. Spearman\u2019s correlations assessed the relationship between VASES-derived DIGEST-FEES grades with measures of construct validity. <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> Substantial agreement (\u03ba<sub><i>w<\/i><\/sub> = 0.76\u20130.83) was observed between the original and VASES-derived grading methods, with 60\u201362% of all DIGEST-FEES grades matching exactly, and 92\u2013100% of DIGEST-FEES grades within one grade of each other. Furthermore, the strength of the relationships between VASES-derived DIGEST-FEES grades and measures of construct validity (<i>r<\/i> = 0.34\u20130.78) were similar to the strength of the relationships between original DIGEST-FEES grades and the same measures of construct validity (<i>r<\/i> = 0.34\u20130.83). <b><i>Conclusion:<\/i><\/b> Findings from this study demonstrate substantial agreement between original and VASES-derived DIGEST-FEES grades. Using VASES to derive DIGEST-FEES also appears to maintain the same level of construct validity established with the original DIGEST-FEES. Therefore, clinicians and researchers may consider using VASES to increase the transparency and standardization of DIGEST-FEES ratings. Future research should seek to replicate these findings and explore the simultaneous use of VASES and DIGEST-FEES in a greater sampling of raters and across other patient populations. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000538935","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T21:00:34Z","timestamp":1713387634000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Characterizing the Validity of Using VASES to Derive DIGEST-FEES Grades"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"James A.","family":"Curtis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren","family":"Tabor Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loni","family":"Arrese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James C.","family":"Borders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Starmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26419"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-020-10215-x"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-016-9775-x"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2021_JSLHR-21-00014"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-021-10293-5"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2021_AJSLP-21-00116"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.30283"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.34079"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2023_JSLHR-23-00132"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00417897"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2004.11.049"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2009.11.015"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-015-9631-4"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000002864"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-023-10650-6"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-023-07840-1"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012"}],"container-title":["Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/fpl\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000538935\/4235508\/000538935.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/fpl\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000538935\/4235508\/000538935.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:17:17Z","timestamp":1745421437000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000538935"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]]},"references-count":17,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000538935","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"is-supplemented-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.25609731","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["1021-7762","1421-9972"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1021-7762","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9972","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]]}}}