{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T12:45:07Z","timestamp":1769085907295,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,18]],"date-time":"2024-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,18]],"date-time":"2024-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718668800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neonatology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Due to concerns of oxidative stress and injury, most clinicians currently use lower levels of fractional inspired oxygen (FiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;, 0.21\u20130.3) to initiate respiratory support for moderate to late preterm (MLPT, 32\u201336 weeks gestation) infants at birth. Whether this practice achieves recommended oxygen saturation (SpO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;) targets is unknown. Methods: We aimed to determine SpO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; trajectories of MLPT infants requiring respiratory support at birth. We conducted a prospective, opportunistic, observational study with consent waiver. Preductal SpO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; readings were obtained during the first 10 min of life from infants between 32 and 36 weeks gestation requiring respiratory support in the delivery room. Primary outcome was reaching a minimum SpO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; 80% at 5 min of life. The study was prospectively registered (ACTRN12620001252909). Results: A total of 76 eligible infants were recruited between February 2021 and March 2022 from 5 hospitals in Australia. Most (n = 58, 76%) had respiratory support initiated with FiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; 0.21 (range 0.21\u20131.0) using CPAP (92%). Median SpO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; at 5 min was 81% (interquartile range [IQR] 67\u201390) and 93% (IQR 86\u201396) at 10 min. At 5 min, 18\/43 (42%) infants had SpO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; below 80% and only 8\/43 (19%) reached SpO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; 80\u201385%. Conclusions: Many MLPT infants requiring respiratory support do not achieve recommended SpO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; targets. In very preterm infants, SpO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; &lt;80% at 5 min of life increases risk of death, intraventricular haemorrhage, and neurodevelopmental impairment. The implications on this practice on the health outcomes of MLPT infants are unclear and require further research. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000539221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,18]],"date-time":"2024-06-18T21:00:34Z","timestamp":1718744434000},"page":"715-723","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Air or Oxygen for Infant Resuscitation: A Prospective Cohort Study of Moderate-Late Preterm Infants Requiring Delivery Room Resuscitation"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"121","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5845-5647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James X.","family":"Sotiropoulos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheeba","family":"Binoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thy 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