{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T05:58:31Z","timestamp":1778738311829,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718064000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ORL"],"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Introduction:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; The prevalence of post-viral olfactory dysfunction has increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic, posing a major challenge for patients and practitioners. While olfactory training (OT) is a common approach to therapy, there has been increasing interest in supplementing therapy with a combination of palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and luteolin (LUT), which are known for their anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, their efficacy in the treatment of patients with olfactory loss following upper respiratory tract infections, mainly COVID-19, was investigated in an outpatient clinic. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Fifty patients with persistent olfactory dysfunction were randomized to two groups: one receiving OT and PEA-LUT, the other OT alone. Olfactory function was evaluated before and after treatment. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; The study group showed significant improvements in odor discrimination and overall olfactory function (TDI score) after treatment with PEA-LUT and OT, while the control group did not. However, when clinically meaningful improvements were considered, there was no significant difference between the groups. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; The present study suggests that while PEA-LUT may have the potential to improve olfactory function in post-viral dysfunction, the additional benefit over OT alone may be limited. These results contrast with some previous studies. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000539651","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T21:00:41Z","timestamp":1718139641000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Palmitoylethanolamide and Luteolin for Postinfectious Olfactory Disorders: How Clinically Meaningful Is Its Effect?"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"Janine","family":"Gellrich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Czaplewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antje","family":"H\u00e4hner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Hummel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2021.3379"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiac113"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.8391"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26355\/eurrev_202106_26059"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11162552"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11041109"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159x20666220420113513"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858420939033"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-013-8487-6"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/22.1.39"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000234915.51189.cb"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-018-5248-1"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24340"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.20101"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2015.09.002"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2007.05.015"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-00342-1"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.05.019"}],"container-title":["ORL"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/orl\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000539651\/4252800\/000539651.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/orl\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000539651\/4252800\/000539651.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:24:12Z","timestamp":1745421852000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000539651"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]]},"references-count":18,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000539651","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-1569","1423-0275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-1569","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0275","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]]}}}