{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T04:16:09Z","timestamp":1774498569637,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]],"date-time":"2024-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]],"date-time":"2024-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Fetal Diagn Ther"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: OpenAI\u2019s GPT-4 (artificial intelligence [AI]) is being studied for its use as a medical decision support tool. This research examines its accuracy in refining referrals for fetal echocardiography (FE) to improve early detection and outcomes related to congenital heart defects (CHDs). Methods: Past FE data referred to our institution were evaluated separately by pediatric cardiologist, gynecologist (human experts [experts]), and AI, according to established guidelines. We compared experts and AI\u2019s agreement on referral necessity, with experts addressing discrepancies. Results: Total of 59 FE cases were addressed retrospectively. Cardiologist, gynecologist, and AI recommended performing FE in 47.5%, 49.2%, and 59.0% of cases, respectively. Comparing AI recommendations to experts indicated agreement of around 80.0% with both experts (p &amp;lt; 0.001). Notably, AI suggested more echocardiographies for minor CHD (64.7%) compared to experts (47.1%), and for major CHD, experts recommended performing FE in all cases (100%) while AI recommended in majority of cases (90.9%). Discrepancies between AI and experts are detailed and reviewed. Conclusions: The evaluation found moderate agreement between AI and experts. Contextual misunderstandings and lack of specialized medical knowledge limit AI, necessitating clinical guideline guidance. Despite shortcomings, AI\u2019s referrals comprised 65% of minor CHD cases versus experts 47%, suggesting its potential as a cautious decision aid for clinicians. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000539658","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]],"date-time":"2024-06-04T21:00:42Z","timestamp":1717534842000},"page":"474-477","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Utilizing ChatGPT to Facilitate Referrals for Fetal Echocardiography"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Lital","family":"Gordin Kopylov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Itai","family":"Goldrat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ron","family":"Maymon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"Svirsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yifat","family":"Wiener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eyal","family":"Klang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(23)00298-X"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0735-1097(02)01886-7"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002469900502"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0705.1995.06050313.x"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9378(99)70577-6"}],"container-title":["Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/fdt\/article-pdf\/51\/5\/474\/4283355\/000539658.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/fdt\/article-pdf\/51\/5\/474\/4283355\/000539658.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:24:17Z","timestamp":1745421857000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000539658"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000539658","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1015-3837","1421-9964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1015-3837","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9964","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]]}}}