{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T00:40:32Z","timestamp":1782348032289,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]],"date-time":"2024-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724284800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]],"date-time":"2024-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724284800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respiration"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: The aim of this study was to apply quantitative computed tomography (QCT) for GOLD-grade specific disease characterization and phenotyping of air-trapping, emphysema, and airway abnormalities in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) from a nationwide cohort study. Methods: As part of the COSYCONET multicenter study, standardized CT in ex- and inspiration, lung function assessment (FEV1\/FVC), and clinical scores (BODE index) were prospectively acquired in 525 patients (192 women, 327 men, aged 65.7 \u00b1 8.5 years) at risk for COPD and at GOLD1\u20134. QCT parameters such as total lung volume (TLV), emphysema index (EI), parametric response mapping (PRM) for emphysema (PRM&lt;sub&gt;Emph&lt;\/sub&gt;) and functional small airway disease (PRM&lt;sub&gt;fSAD&lt;\/sub&gt;), total airway volume (TAV), wall percentage (WP), and total diameter (TD) were computed using automated software. Results: TLV, EI, PRM&lt;sub&gt;fSAD&lt;\/sub&gt;, and PRM&lt;sub&gt;Emph&lt;\/sub&gt; increased incrementally with each GOLD grade (p &amp;lt; 0.001). Aggregated WP&lt;sub&gt;5\u201310&lt;\/sub&gt; of subsegmental airways was higher from GOLD1 to GOLD3 and lower again at GOLD4 (p &amp;lt; 0.001), whereas TD&lt;sub&gt;5\u201310&lt;\/sub&gt; was significantly dilated only in GOLD4 (p &amp;lt; 0.001). Fifty-eight patients were phenotyped as \u201cnon-airway non-emphysema type,\u201d 202 as \u201cairway type,\u201d 96 as \u201cemphysema type,\u201d and 169 as \u201cmixed type.\u201d FEV1\/FVC was best in \u201cnon-airway non-emphysema type\u201d compared to other phenotypes, while \u201cmixed type\u201d had worst FEV1\/FVC (p &amp;lt; 0.001). BODE index was 0.56 \u00b1 0.72 in the \u201cnon-airway non-emphysema type\u201d and highest with 2.55 \u00b1 1.77 in \u201cmixed type\u201d (p &amp;lt; 0.001). Conclusion: QCT demonstrates increasing hyperinflation and emphysema depending on the GOLD grade, while airway wall thickening increases until GOLD3 and airway dilatation occur in GOLD4. QCT identifies four disease phenotypes with implications for lung function and prognosis. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000540781","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]],"date-time":"2024-08-22T21:08:00Z","timestamp":1724360880000},"page":"1-17","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["GOLD-Grade Specific Disease Characterization and Phenotyping of COPD Using Quantitative Computed Tomography in the Nationwide COSYCONET Multicenter Trial in Germany"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8580-6721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip","family":"Konietzke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Weinheimer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon 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