{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T03:03:51Z","timestamp":1778641431384,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]],"date-time":"2024-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]],"date-time":"2024-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727136000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neonatology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia initiates cytokine release and complement activation with risk of brain damage. We assessed the effect of nicotine on innate immunity and hypothesized that nicotine infusion in a newborn piglet model of asphyxia would decrease the immune response and be neuroprotective. Methods: Newborn piglets (n = 41) were randomized to one of three groups after hypoxia: two groups receiving nicotine, (1) 18 \u00b5g\/kg\/h (n = 17), (2) 46 \u00b5g\/kg\/h (n = 15), and (3) control group receiving saline (n = 9). C3a, IL-6, TNF, and IL-10 were measured in plasma and IL-6 and IL-8 in microdialysis fluid from cerebral periventricular white matter, using immuno-assays. Results: Plasma C3a and IL-6 increased significantly from start to end hypoxia (mean 4.4 \u00b1 0.55 to 5.6 \u00b1 0.71 ng\/mL and 1.66 \u00b1 1.04 to 2.68 \u00b1 0.71 pg\/mL, respectively), while IL-10 and TNF increased significantly after 4 h (mean 1.4 \u00b1 1.08 to 2.9 \u00b1 1.87 and 3.3 \u00b1 0.67 to 4.0 \u00b1 0.58 pg\/mL, respectively) (p &amp;lt; 0.001 for all). IL-6 increased significantly (p &amp;lt; 0.001) in microdialysis samples from end hypoxia to end experiment (mean 0.65 \u00b1 0.88 to 2.78 \u00b1 1.84 ng\/mL). No significant differences were observed between the nicotine groups and the control group neither in plasma nor in microdialysis samples. Conclusion: Hypoxia leads to rapid release of cytokines in plasma and cerebral microdialysis fluid, and complement activation measured on C3a. However, low-dose nicotine administration did not affect the immune response. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000541217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]],"date-time":"2024-09-24T16:00:50Z","timestamp":1727193650000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["No Short-Term Effect of Low-Dose Nicotine on Inflammation after Global Hypoxia in Newborn Piglets"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"Karianne B.","family":"Volstad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1678-7309","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Are H.","family":"Pripp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Judith A.","family":"Ludviksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Stiris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ola D.","family":"Saugstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tom E.","family":"Mollnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jannicke H.","family":"Andresen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61577-8"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjao.2024.100283"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/01.PDR.0000141983.32466.2A"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00417"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2021.105509"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000151648"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-02-00455.2002"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2005.06.006"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-015-0690-y"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-69248-5_2"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/JPM.2009.081"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2010.05.010"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1403068"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.826889"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000085990"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-1016-9_5"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/brbi.1998.0529"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.10.067"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2016.271"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(95)00118-3"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2010540117"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003311.pub3"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2005.tb01988.x"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph8020613"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2015.2227"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1159\/000549507","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]],"date-time":"2024-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727136000000}}],"container-title":["Neonatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/neo\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000541217\/4281254\/000541217.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/neo\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000541217\/4281254\/000541217.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:39:26Z","timestamp":1745422766000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000541217"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]]},"references-count":25,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000541217","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"is-supplemented-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.26885752","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["1661-7800","1661-7819"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1661-7800","type":"print"},{"value":"1661-7819","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]]}}}