{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T17:05:12Z","timestamp":1785776712042,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727913600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cerebrovasc Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Prognostication in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is vital for effective clinical decision-making but can be challenging. Frailty \u2013 the loss of physiological reserve to withstand stressor events \u2013 is a risk factor for poor outcomes after ischemic stroke, yet its role in ICH remains poorly understood. This study investigates whether frailty is independently associated with 28-day mortality following ICH. Methods: A validated pre-stroke frailty index (FI) was measured for individuals presenting with ICH, yielding a FI of 0\u20131. The relationship between 28-day mortality and FI was assessed using multivariable logistic regression adjusting for age, neurosurgical intervention, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), and ICH volume. Results: Forty (34.5%) of 116 individuals with ICH died within 28 days. Frailty was independently associated with 28-day mortality, with each 0.1 increase in FI independently associated with an adjusted odds ratio of death of 1.09 (95% CI: 1.01\u20131.18). ICH volume was also independently associated with mortality (aOR 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02\u20131.06 per 10 mL increase). In contrast, age and neurosurgical intervention were not independently associated with mortality in our cohort. Conclusion: Higher pre-stroke frailty is independently associated with early mortality following spontaneous ICH, indicating the potential of frailty evaluation to inform prognostication and clinical decision-making. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000541701","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T12:00:33Z","timestamp":1727956833000},"page":"548-552","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Frailty and Early Mortality following Intracerebral Hemorrhage"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Lewis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esmee","family":"Dohle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth A.","family":"Warburton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7640-4701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas R.","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)62167-9"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcv066"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/17474930211034331"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afaa004"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afab260"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2020.105816"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.11.004"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215519841417"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afad221"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afad248"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.14.4.493"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.27.8.1304"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afab092"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10102171"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000207132"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14238"}],"container-title":["Cerebrovascular Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/ced\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000541701\/4292757\/000541701.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000541701","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T16:03:17Z","timestamp":1758297797000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000541701"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000541701","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1015-9770","1421-9786"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1015-9770","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9786","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]]}}}