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A positive culture-based microorganism test is one of the main criteria for the diagnosis of peritonitis. However, the rates of positive bacterial culture remain quite low. Summary: Peritonitis is a frequently encountered and consequential complication of peritoneal dialysis that poses a significant clinical burden in terms of morbidity, mortality, and healthcare expenditure. The reliance on culture-positive microbiological tests as a cornerstone of peritonitis diagnosis often results in a relatively low rate of positive results. Key Messages: This article aimed to present a comprehensive synthesis and critical analysis of the most recent diagnostic modalities used to identify peritonitis-associated pathogens in peritoneal dialysis. Emphasis was placed on both direct diagnostic tools for pathogen identification and rapid detection methodologies that facilitate expedited pathogen diagnosis in peritonitis. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000542870","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]],"date-time":"2024-12-03T17:02:05Z","timestamp":1733245325000},"page":"25-37","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Culture-Negative Peritonitis and the Latest Diagnostic 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