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Summary: Over the past decades, EoE has been increasingly recognized in various geographical areas with a high socioeconomic development (mostly industrialized countries) and has evolved from an unknown to a clinically distinct disease with increasing prevalence and incidence. An average age at diagnosis between 30 and 50 years and a male predominance have been consistently observed. In both children and adults, EoE is clearly associated with allergies, predominantly food \u2013 but also aeroallergens. Most EoE patients present with a personal allergic background such as asthma, rhino-conjunctivitis, and oral allergy syndrome. 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