{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T04:23:33Z","timestamp":1745468613976,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740528000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740528000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmologica"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: To evaluate risk factors for recalcitrance to topical therapy of post-surgical macular edema (PSME) after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair and its response to intravitreal dexamethasone implant (DEX-I).\nMethods: This two-center retrospective study reviewed the charts of pseudophakic patients who had undergone vitrectomy for RRD and experienced PSME within 6 months after surgery. A regression model analyzed the relationship between the recalcitrance of PSME to topical therapy and independent variables, including clinical data, surgical steps, and OCT parameters recorded at 1 month after surgery. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) of eyes with responsive and recalcitrant PSME to topical therapy, the latest treated with DEX-I, were compared over follow-up.\nResults: Of the 361 eyes screened, 42 (11.7%) experienced PSME. Among those, all the eyes with recalcitrant PSME (21\/42) received at least one DEX-I (1.38\u00b10.49 implant). The mean follow-up was 11.9\u00b10.3 months. Disrupted retinal outer layers (p = 0.02) and hyperreflective foci (HRF) (p = 0.01) were linked to recalcitrant PSME. An increased risk for recalcitrance was observed in the presence of HRF (OR 7.69; IC: 1.31- 44.9; p = 0.02). Over follow-up, BCVA and CMT were significantly (p &lt; 0.01) worse in implanted eyes that experienced the more significant fluctuation of CMT (189.2\u00b1104.7 \u00b5m (range: 58-409 \u00b5m); p &lt; 0.01) with a reimplant rate of 42.8%. No one of the implanted eyes experienced ocular hypertension requiring intervention or other complications.\nConclusion: HRF were found to be a risk factor for recalcitrance to topical therapy of PSME. Limited response to DEX-I was observed in such cases.\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000543749","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T17:01:28Z","timestamp":1740589288000},"page":"1-16","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Recalcitrant macular edema after pseudophakic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair: risk factors and response to intravitreal dexamethasone implant"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"Francesco","family":"Pignatelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alfredo","family":"Niro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pasquale","family":"Viggiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Boscia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0616-1916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianluca","family":"Besozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristiana","family":"Iaculli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Addabbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Boscia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ermete","family":"Giancipoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]]},"container-title":["Ophthalmologica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/oph\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000543749\/4344077\/000543749.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/oph\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000543749\/4344077\/000543749.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:12:17Z","timestamp":1745421137000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000543749"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000543749","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0030-3755","1423-0267"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0030-3755"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1423-0267"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]]}}}