{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T18:00:57Z","timestamp":1771351257540,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748563200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Caries Res"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Dental caries is a biofilm-mediated, multifactorial disease of the dental hard tissues. Maternal psychosocial and behavioral factors can affect a child\u2019s risk for many chronic childhood conditions including dental caries. We examined the relationship between maternal psychological well-being during and after pregnancy on caries experience in 3-year-old offspring. Methods: Using data from the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) study (N = 667), maternal psychological well-being including depressive symptoms (Edinburg Postnatal Depression scale [EPDS]), anxiety symptoms (State Trait Anxiety Inventory [STAI]), and sleep quality were measured. Offspring dental caries experience was defined as having at least one decayed, missing, and filled teeth or surface (dmft \u22651 vs. 0\/dmfs \u22651 vs. 0). We estimated associations between maternal psychological well-being in the pre- and postnatal periods with offspring dental caries experience using logistic regression models adjusted for several maternal and child demographic and socioeconomic factors. Results: The mean maternal age at delivery was 31 (SD: 5.1) years with ethnic distribution of 55% Chinese, 28% Malay, and 17% Indian; 8.6% of mothers had a prenatal EPDS score \u226515 indicating probable depression and 44% of the children had dmft \u22651. Children of mothers with high prenatal EPDS scores (\u226515) had 1.57 times (95% CI: 0.85\u20132.93) the adjusted odds of dental caries experience as compared to children of mothers with prenatal EPDS score &lt;15, although this association was not statistically significant. Moreover, children of mothers with consistently high\/changing EPDS and STAI scores in the pre- and postnatal periods had adjusted odds of caries experience of 1.65 (95% CI: 1.01\u20132.72) and 1.24 (95% CI: 0.89\u20131.74), respectively, when compared to children whose mothers had consistently low EPDS and STAI scores, though only EPDS association was statistically significant. Associations with poor sleep quality followed a similar direction, although not statistically significant. Conclusion: While the current findings did not consistently demonstrate statistically significant associations, they suggest a potential role of maternal psychological well-being during and after pregnancy on children\u2019s oral health status.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000546070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T12:01:52Z","timestamp":1748606512000},"page":"42-53","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Maternal Psychological Well-Being and Caries Experience in 3-Year-Old Offspring: Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) Study"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Wen","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chin-Ying Stephen","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Un 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