{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T05:44:38Z","timestamp":1793684678580,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747785600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747785600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Oncology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved lung cancer treatment but are associated with an increased risk of cardiotoxicity. We investigated whether statins could mitigate ICI-associated cardiovascular risks in lung cancer patients. Methods: We performed a retrospective, propensity score-matched cohort study utilizing the TriNetX database. We identified lung cancer patients receiving ICIs between April 2013 and June 2023. We created two cohorts: statin users and non-users. The primary efficacy outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as a composite of myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and heart failure. The secondary efficacy outcomes were myocarditis and cardiac arrest. Safety outcomes were all-cause mortality and serious immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Results: A total of 16,650 lung cancer patients undergoing ICIs were identified, consisting of 6,812 statin users and 9,838 non-users. After propensity score matching, 4,379 patients were well-matched in baseline characteristics. Over a follow-up period of 12 months, statin use was associated with a lower risk of MACE (HR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.78\u20130.98), primarily driven by reductions in myocardial infarction (HR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.58-0.97) and heart failure (HR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.74\u20130.98). For safety outcomes, statin use was associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality (HR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.77\u20130.90) and did not result in an increased risk of serious irAEs. Conclusion: The use of statins in lung cancer patients with cardiovascular risk factors and without previous cardiovascular events undergoing immunotherapy was associated with a reduction in MACE and all-cause mortality without an increased risk of serious adverse events.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000546204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T12:01:15Z","timestamp":1747828875000},"page":"319-326","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Statin and Immune-Related Cardiovascular Events in Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Junmin","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuan-Yu","family":"Chi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyein","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Cheng","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nutchapon","family":"Xanthavanij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiting","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7910-2338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cho-Hung","family":"Chiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Shiuan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuwen","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaocao 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