{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T17:00:02Z","timestamp":1776099602840,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cerebrovasc Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;p&gt;Introduction: Evolution patterns and contributing factors of leptomeningeal collaterals (LMCs) in symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (sICAS) remain elusive. Methods: Patients with atherosclerotic M1 middle cerebral artery (MCA-M1) stenosis (50%\u201399%), who were treated medically and had CT angiography (CTA) at baseline and 1 year, were recruited. LMC status was determined by the laterality of distal vessels in anterior and posterior cerebral artery territories in baseline and 1-year CTA. Computational fluid dynamics models were constructed based on baseline and 1-year CTA, to quantify post-stenotic to pre-stenotic pressure ratio (PR) in MCA-M1 lesions. Decreased PR over 1 year indicated enlarged translesional pressure gradient. Results: Among 33 patients (median age 62 years), 18 (54.5%) and 15 (45.5%) had good and poor baseline LMCs; 11 (33.3%) and 22 (66.7%) had good and poor 1-year LMCs. Twelve (36.4%), 16 (48.5%), and 5 (15.2%) patients had worse, similar and better LMCs at 1 year versus baseline. Sixteen (48.5%) patients had decreased PR over 1 year, associated with good LMCs at 1 year (adjusted odds ratio 6.40; p = 0.038), independent of baseline LMC status. Conclusion: LMCs may evolve over time in medically treated sICAS patients, when an enlarged translesional pressure gradient may be a driving force. &lt;\/p&gt;<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000547147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T12:03:09Z","timestamp":1751371389000},"page":"326-334","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Enlarged Translesional Pressure Gradient Drives Recruitment of Leptomeningeal Collaterals in Medically Treated Patients with Symptomatic Middle Cerebral Artery Stenosis"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Yuying","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuan","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jill","family":"Abrigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linfang","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haipeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1619-4992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bonaventure 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